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HomeMy WebLinkAboutReso 2004-185 - General Plan . . .... . - '.'. RESOLUTION NO. 2004-185 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF REDDING ADOPTING THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF THE GENERAL PLAN OF THE CITY OF REDDING WHEREAS, following the required public hearing, the Planning Commission of the City of Redding recommended to the City Council that the Housing Element of the General Plan be amended by incorporating therein the changes contained in the attached Housing Element; and WHEREAS, following the required notice in accordance with law, the City Council held a public hearing and carefully considered the evidence at the hearing; NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS RJESOL VED that the City Council, having reviewed and approved the Mitigated Negative Declaration stating that the project has no substantial impact upon the environment and an environmental impactrepoJ1 is not necessary, hereby amends the Housing Element of the General Plan of the City of Redding by replacing, in its entirety, said element as attached hereto. I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing resolution was introduced, read, and adopted at a regular meeting ofthe City Comlcil on the 16th day of November 2004, by the following vote: A YES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: COUNCIL MEl\fBERS: COUNCIL MEMBERS: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Kight, Mathena, Stegall, and Pohlmeyer None Cibula None , Mayor Attest: Form Approved: ~~~~d~-o?~~~~ CONNIE STROH YER, City erk LYNETTE M. FRED , Interim City Attorney ~ 8 -+:- I 0"'" IS{ . . Housing Element T INTRODUCTION PURPOSE AND CONTENT The purpose of the Housing Element of the Redding General Plan is to identify and analyze the City's housing needs; to establish reasonable housing goals and objectives based on those needs; and to develop a program of action, which, over the stated planning period, will advance the City towards achieving the established goals and objectives. LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY The State Legislature has determined that the availability of housing is of vital importance to the well- being of the State's populace and has mandated the preparation of community housing elements as part of local general plans (Government Code Sections 65302 and 65580, et seq.). Under current law, the code specifies, in brief, that the Housing Element shall contain: 1. An assessment of local housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints relevant to the meeting of these needs. 2. A statement of the community's goals, policies, quantified objectives, and financial resources relative to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing. 3. A program which sets forth a schedule of actions the local government is undertaking or intends to undertake over the planning period to implement the policies and achieve the goals and objectives of the Housing Element:. November 4, 2004 Current State Housing Element Law, as contained in Section 65588 of the Government Code, mandates that each local government shall review its housing element as frequently as appropriate to evaluate the following: (1) the appropriateness of the housing goals, objectives, and policies in contributing to the attainment of the State housing goal; (2) the effectiveness of the element in attainment of the com~unity's stated housing goals and objectives; and (.3) the progress made in implementation of the housing element. CONSISTENCY WITH OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE GENERAL PLAN Government Code Section 65300.5 states that the goals and policies of the Housing Element must be consistent with other elements of the General Plan. This is accomplished through the process of annual reviews of the implementation of this Element, as well as the Annual Report on the General Plan prepared for the Governor's Office of Planning and Research. Redding adopted a complete revision of its existing General Plan in 2000. This included an update of the Housing Element necessary to ensure that the Element was consistent with the rest of the General Plan, even though the Element was not required to be updated until 2003. Specific attention was given to those portions of the Element that were affected by changes made in the City's General Plan Diagram and related development policies. With the required 2003 update, changes have been made to comply with State housing law provisions, to update data based on the 2000 census and other data sources and to respond to the "fair share" housing allocations assigned by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) in 2002. Specifically, the COMMUNITY PROFILE section has been updated to reflect population and growth trends, vacancy rates, income levels, unemployment rates, dwelling-unit counts, and construction figures, as Housing Element . well as to include subsidized housing statistics through December 2003. The LAND INVENTORY AND SITE AVAILABILITY section was updated to reflect changes made to residentially designated vacant land as reflected in the updated General Plan Diagram. Additional information regarding the zoning of residential lands has been added. The INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS AND LIMITING FACTORS section was updated to reflect current utility and infrastructure capacities and growth figures. A complete update of the HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT was also undertaken based primarily on data obtained from the 2000 census. The GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS TO MAINTENANCE, IMPROVEMENT, AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING section was updated to reflect the impacts, if any, of new policies contained within the General Plan, primarily within the Community Development and Design Element, and standards contained within the Zoning Ordinance. Since the GOALS AND POLICIES section was updated in 2000, no substantive changes were made to this section. An assessment of accomplishments based on the 1999-2003 Implementation Program has been provided, as has a new updated Implementation Program. 2 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update . COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION T The following organizations were among those invited to participate in the development of the revised Housing Element: Northern Valley Catholic Social Service, Shasta County Housing Department, People of Progress, Legal Services of Northern California, Shasta County Builders' Exchange, Shasta County Women's Refuge, Golden Umbrella, Housing Authority of the City of Redding, Shasta County Board of Realtors, Shasta County Social Services Department, and the Good News Rescue Mission. These groups were the core members of the Housing Advisory Committee that was formed to review the draft Element to ensure that it responded adequately to the diverse needs within the community. In July 2004, the Redding Planning Commission held a noticed public hearing specifically to gather additional information on issues related to housing needs within the community. At the conclusion of the hearings, the Commission recommended adoption of the Element by the City Council. \ November 4, 2004 . .. - COMMUNITY PROFILE - - HISTORIC AND CURRENT POPULATION PROFILE The 1990 Census reported a population of 66,462 (or 26,105 households), an increase of over 58 percent since 1980. The 2000 Census reported a population of 81,198 (or 32,191 households), an increase of over 22 percent since 1990. The California Department of Finance provides annual population estimates for California counties and cities. The Department of Finance population estimate for the City of Redding is 85,700 as of January 2003 (or 35,434 housing units). This figure implies an average growth rate of 1.8 percent each year since 2000. The City's General Plan estimates that the City of Redding's population may reach 113,500 by the year 2020 based on a study conducted in October 1998 by The Economic Sciences Corporation. The projection included numerous factors which could affect population growth, such as fertility, mortality, in- migration, annexations, etc. Assuming all factors remain predictable, Redding's population is projected to reach 113,500 by the year 2020, reflecting an annual average growth rate of about 1.8 percent for the next November 4, 2004 . 17 years. Figure 1 shows Redding's historical population from 1980-2000 and its projected population through 2020. INCOME AND ETHNICITY The 2000 Census indicates that the median household income in the City of Redding for a four-person household was $34,194. In comparison, the State median household income as indicated in the 2000 Census was $46,561. For demographic purposes, household income can be further broken down into several distinct income levels. The standard terminology used for these various income levels is: extremely low-, very low-, low-, moderate-, and above-moderate income. These terms are used to describe relative income ranges tied to the median income of all households within a given community. Thus, "extremely low-income" means below 30 percent of the median income; "very low- income" means below 50 percent of the median income; "low-income," between 51 and 80 percent; and "moderate-income," between 81 and 120 percent (for Federal programs, between 81 and 95 percent of median). "Above moderate-income" is generally 121 percent and above (Federal programs, 96 percent and above). The term "lower-income" includes "low- income," "very low-income," and "extremely low- income," or all households that do not exceed 80 percent of median household income. Housing Element 3 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 . . .) FIGURE 1 CITY OF REDDING POPULATION TRENDS AND FORECASTS -1990 TO 2020 o 1990 2000 2003 2010 2020 Source: 1990,2000 u.s. Censuses, Dept.of Finance, & aty of Redding Projections [ * = Estirrntes 4 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update November 4. 2004 . . FIGURE 2 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME CITY OF REDDING 2000 S150k to $200k 1% "\ \.".. \, S125k to $150k 1% -"'-~-~~_~ $100k 10 S125k ~--'- 4% $75k to $100k..../ 7% SeOk to $75k 9% $501< to $60k ,/ 8% - I I S40k to S50k ...II 10% ISource: Cet'lSUS 2000 Figure 2 shows the distribution of household income for Redding as reported by the 2000 Census. Information provided by HCD, based on the 2000 Census, indicates the following breakdown by percentage of each income group within the community: ~ ~ . ~ Very Low-Income Low-Income Median- Income Above Median-Income 24% 16% 18% 42% However, in order to better balance the various income groups among unincorporated Shasta County and its Cities, HCD has required that the following breakdown be used by Redding to plan for serving the regional need of this area as provided in the Final Allocation Plan for Shasta County's Regional Needs for January 1, 2001, through June 30,2008: ~ ~ ~ ~ Very Low-Income Low-Income Median-Income Above Median-Income 24% 17% 18% 42% (Note: the target percentage distribution provided by HCD totals 10 1 percent.) November 4. 2004 :>S20Ok 1% ) < $10,000 11% S10k to 20k /- 19% '",- $20k to $30k - 16% I I L S30k to $40k 13% Census figures from 2000 indicate that minontles constitute approximately 14 percent of Redding's population. Of these minorities, 5.4 percent were of Hispanic descent, 2.9 percent were Asian, 2 percent were American Indian, and 1 percent were Black. Minority families, along with all lower-income households of the community, face common problems and hardships in regard to meeting their housing needs. HISTORIC AND CURRENT EMPLOYMENT TRENDS The unemployment rate for the Shasta County Labor Market Statistical Area, which includes the City of Redding, slowly declined between 1998 and 2001, and then increased in 2002. In 1998, the area's annual average unemployment rate was 9.0 percent. The average unemployment rate for 2002, the last full year for which the rate has been computed, was down to 7.4 percent. The average rate for the first 7 months of 2003 was 8.3 percent. Redding's unemployment rate remains substantially above the State average of 6.7 percent for 2002 and 5.9 percent for 1998. Redding's current employment opportunities are greatest in the lower-paying industries; these are service industries associated with tourism and business services Housing Element 5 ('"\ and the wholesale and retail trade industry. In addition to paying lower overall wages, service and/or retail industries typically have a higher percentage of persons working part-time or seasonally than do other types of industries. HISTORIC AND CURRENT HOUSING PROFILE According to the 2000 Census, there were 33,802 housing units within the City of Redding. The State Department of Finance has estimated the total number of dwelling units within the City of Redding as of January 2003 to be 35,434, an increase of 1,632 units, or 4.8 percent, in available housing units between 2000-2003. An additional 600 dwelling units were constructed in calendar year 2003, for a total of 36,034 dwelling units. New construction is responsible for approximately 99 percent of the overall increase in available housing stock. According to figures compiled by the City of Redding Development Services Department, new housing units constructed from January 2001 through December 2003 had the following characteristics: ~ 86 percent were single-family homes ~ 13 percent were, multiple-family units ~ 1 percent were mobile homes TYPE, AGE, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSING STOCK The 2000 Census indicates that Redding's housing stock consists of approximately 43 percent multiple-family structures and 57 percent single-family units. As reported in the 2000 Census, Redding has 17,914 housing units which were built prior to 1980. These 20+-year-old structures comprise 53 percent of Redding's housing stock. Of these units, 11,830 were built between 1960-1979; 5,070 were built between 1940-1959; and 1,014 were built prior to 1940. Overall, approximately 47 percent of Redding's available housing stock is less than 20 years old. There is a correlation between the age of a community's housing stock and the relative condition of that housing stock. Typically, dwelling units over 20 to 30 years of age are the most likely to need both moderate and major rehabilitation work to elevate them to a "standard" condition. 6 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~" CONDITION In 1998 the City established a Code Enforcement Division of the Development Services Department to effectively deal with substandard housing units and commercial structures and to respond to neighborhood and community complaints regarding blight conditions. This program has been well received and has led to increased monitoring of housing stock conditions, particularly in Redding's aging residential neighborhoods. Further, in 1998, the City adopted a neighborhood-based planning strategy that allows the City to focus on the more problematic neighborhoods where housing conditions are typically the worst. This neighborhood revitalization program, undertaken by the City's Housing DivisionlRedding Redevelopment Agency (RRA), started with Redding's two most challenged neighborhoods-Parkview and Martin Lu ther King Jr. Both of these areas are characterized by a housing stock that exceeds 40 years in age, high rates of absentee ownership, high rates of police calls for service, and a higher than "normal" percentage of substandard infrastructure and dwellings. As part of the neighborhood planning process, the City undertakes a detailed assessment of the housing stock in these neighborhoods. Approximately 60 percent of the housing stock is either in poor or substandard condition. However, only 2 percent of the units have been classified as "blighted" and in such a state that the cost of repairs may exceed the cost to replace the residential structure. It is the opinion of the City Housing Department staff and the staff of the Code Enforcement Division that have been working with the owners of these properties that only one of these dwellings will be demolished, resulting in a demolition rate less than one-tenth of 1 percent. The remaining units will be repaired, often with financial assistance from the City. Housing units are considered to be in poor condition if at least one needed major repair (i.e., roof, siding, etc.) is in evidence in conjunction with a number of minor repairs. A building is substandard if two or three major repairs are needed in conjunction with a number of minor repairs. In these instances, the property qualifies for code enforcement action. This neighborhood-by-neighborhood approach allows the City to focus its resources on those areas in most November 4. 2004 . n'eed. These efforts include extensive housing rehabilitation, construction of new affordable dwelling units, and infrastructure improvements, as well as a wide range of community incentives. We anticipate that additional neighborhoods will be targeted during the planning period and available resources directed to them. Overall, it is estimated that between 15 and 20 percent, or between 5,000 and 7,000 dwelling units, of the City's housing stock has similar characteristics as the initial target neighborhoods, albeit with somewhat better base conditions. This suggests that between 3,000 and 4,200 dwellings may be in need of rehabilitation and that approximately 100 to 140 units may be considered blighted. Given the experience with the first two target neighborhoods, it is estimated that less than 1 percent of these units will ultimately be demolished. The City will undertake an assessment of the housing stock in 2004. VACANCY RATES According to the 2000 Census, Redding's vacancy rate for all types of dwelling units available for sale or rent in 2000 was 4.9 percent. The vacancy rate for all types of owner-occupied dwelling units was reported to be approximately 1.9 percent. For rental units alone, the reported vacancy rate was approximately 4.6 percent. Vacancy rates, as an indicator of market conditions, typically run a fine line between an overbuilt market (typically considered above 7 percent vacancy) and an underbuilt market (generally anything under 3 percent). In a healthy market, there should be some number of vacant units in all sizes, locations, and price ranges. Redding's housing market for owner-occupied units has changed over the past 5 years. The low vacancy rate for these units as indicated in the 2000 Census seems to indicate a tight market for available units that is, in part, contributing to an escalation in housing prices. While vacancy rates for non-owner-occupied units were reportedly around 2 percent in 2002 and early 2003, it appears that the market had stabilized by the last quarter of 2003. Sun Country Properties, one of the largest rental management firms in Redding, reported that the vacancy rate for single-family rental units increased to approximately 7 percent by Nooember 4, 2004 . December 2003. The vacancy rate for multiple-family units rose to approximately 3 to 4 percent. From a rental vacancy perspective, these rates indicate a relatively stable market. Vacancy rates are an important tool used in market analysis; however, in order to fully analyze the effect of vacancies upon a specific housing market, it is necessary to delve deeper into vacancy by type, location, price range, number of bedrooms, and size of unit. There could exist a surplus of units at one level and a scarcity at another which when averaged together indicate a vacancy rate indicative of neither. There is no information currently available which compares variation in the vacancy rate based on price of unit or size of unit in the Redding area. High vacancy rates, however, do not necessarily mean that rental units will become more affordable as a private market reaction. Experts suggest that during periods of high vacancies, owners of rental properties will utilize financial incentives, such as reduced deposits and move-in allowances, even offering periods of free rent in order to entice prospectiv~~ renters, rather than actually lowering rental rates. Based upon information gathered from its clients in their search for rental housing in the Redding area, the Redding Housing Authority has indicated that the local rental market remains "tight" for all unit sizes in an affordable price range. Further, affordable 3 + -bedroom units are very scarce for lower-income families. Approximately 16 percent of the households currently on the Housing Authority waiting list qualify by family size for units of this size. According to City of Redding Building Division records, of the 232 multiple-family units built during the period January 2001 through December 31, 2003, 102 units were constructed with 3 or more bedrooms. LOW-INCOME ASSISTED HOUSING As of December 2003, 1,526 very low-income households within the City of Redding were receiving government-assisted housing subsidies administered through the Redding Housing Authority. These subsidies are in two program categories: (1) HUD Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers and (2) HUD Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation Subsidies. Housing Element 7 /~ '" " Assisted units are scattered throughout the City with the highest concentration in neighborhoods with lower- priced, multiple-unit complexes available. Another 345 site-specific HUD rental subsidies are available for use at ten multiple-family rental complexes in Redding that utilized HUD 811, 202, 231, or 236 financing assistance. These complexes are Redding Pilgrim House, Butte House, Cottonwood House, Kutras Gardens, Treehouse Senior Apartments, Wilshire Place, Della Williams Gardens, Whispering Oaks, and the Lorenz Hotel. Of the available subsidies, 229 are reserved for seniors, 57 for disabled individuals, and 59 for families. In addition, there are over 300 HOME-assisted rental units scattered throughout the community which also offer project-based subsidies to lower-income tenants with afford ability periods ranging from 5, 10, 20, and even 55 years. An estimated 20 units become available annually through the HOME Program. Currently, priority for rental assistance is determined by date of application to the waiting list as well as City of Redding residency or employment within the city limits and veteran status. Priority is also given to those households that have been displaced by local government action. The Redding Housing Authority has maintained an open waiting list since October 1, 1998. Approximately 2,186 households are now on the waiting list. As of December 2003, most available subsidies had been completely allocated to eligible households. The Redding Housing Authority estimates that the average length of time between application date and receipt of rental assistance is six months to one year for City of Redding residents. AFFORDABLE HOUSING UNITS ELIGffiLE TO CONVERT TO OPEN MARKET DURING 2003-2013 The State Government Code requires that a community's housing element contain analysis and program efforts for preserving assisted housing developments in the community which are eligible to convert to non-Iow-income use within ten years of the statutory adoption "due date" of the housing element. The purpose of the analysis is to identify actions the jurisdiction can take to preserve at-risk units, to adequately plan for preventing or minimizing tenant displacement, and to preserve the local affordable housing stock. 8 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /'~ State law requires that the inventory include 'all multiple-family rental units which are assisted under any of the programs listed below: 1. HUD Programs: . Section 8 Lower-Income Rental Assistance project-based programs. . New Construction. * · Substantial or Moderate Rehabilitation. . Property Disposition. * . Loan Management Set-Aside. . Section 101 Rent Supplements.* . Section 213 Cooperative Housing Insurance. * . Section221 (d)(3) Below-Market-Interest- Rate Mortgage Insurance Program. . Section 236 Interest Reduction Payment Program. · Section 202 Direct Loans for Elderly or Handicapped. . Community Development Block Grant Program. * 2. FmHA Section 515 Rural Rental Housing Loans. * 3. State and local multiple-family revenue bond programs. * 4. Redevelopment programs. * 5. Local in-lieu fee programs or inclusionary programs. * 6. Developments which obtained a density bonus and direct government assistance pursuant to Government Code Section 65916.* All categories marked with an asterisk (*) do not have units in the community which are considered at-risk during the subject ten-year period. November 4, 2004 . . T~ble 1 illustrates the projects that contain affordable units in the community which were identified as being at risk in the City of Redding during the ten-year period. The listed at-risk units are subject to a variety of different regulatory requirements which, when . - ,. . . ":i>'ROJECTN~:;',;'/' . . AND AnDRESs ,;.~: . Della Williams 3221 Bechelli Lane Redding, CA 96002 Kutras Gardens 540 South Street Redding, CA 96001 Redding Pilgrim Housing 900 Canby Road Redding, CA 96002 Redding/RHIF Housing, Inc. 2142 Butte Street Redding, CA 96001 The Lorenz 1509 Yuba Street Redding, CA 96001 Moderate Units/Citywide , Original expiration date. Thereafter on an annual basis. combined with market conditions, determine the actual likelihood of loss of the affordable units. Following the table is a summary of the current status of those units that are considered to be at-risk through July 2013. TABLE! TxPE o~> ' , ,f~'P.Roq~', ' . Section 811 t~~::~~~~:o, :";:i"~=Et~: 'NUMBER OF NON;; _' ELDERLY UNITS . 22 07/31/2001' -0- 231 Elderly Section 8 12/31/1999 ' -0- 84 Section 202 Elderly 12/01/2006 ' -0- 50 Section 202 Elderly 06/06/2002 12 -0- PD/Section 8 Existing 08/31/2009 78 -0- 46 Current Status of Units Identified as At Risk Through 2013 ~ Della Williams. This Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities complex is already renewing annually its Project Rental Assistance Contract. The Housing Manager clearly stated their intentions in maintaining this site as affordable housing for the disabled. ~ Redding Pilgrim House. The Foundation which owns Pilgrim House is committed to maintain affordable housing for seniors. When their contract is due to expire, they will work with HUD to establish a new or renewal contract. . Redding/RHIF Housing, Inc. This complex provides 12 beds for developmentally disabled adults as a board and care facility. Per their manager, extensions on their contract will be sought in order to continue providing affordable housing to their targeted population. ~ Kutras Gardens. Per the on-site manager, Kutras Gardens' management will continue to process yearly renewals to maintain the affordable housing for seniors. November 4. 2004 Housing Element 9 f\ ',,- ~ The Lorenz Hotel. This facility provides project- based Section 8 benefits to its tenants. Per the Administrator, the management fully intends to participate in any renewal of benefits offered by HUD when the initial contract expires in 2010. Current Status of Units Previously Identified as At Risk Through 2002 Downtown Plaza Apartments. This facility converted its 90 units to market-rate in 1997. All eligible tenants (those with household incomes at or below 80 percent of median) were offered HUD "Preservation Vouchers" that could be used to lease in place. if the household desired, or at a different location of their choice. The Redding Housing Authotity reported that the majority of eligible households took advantage of this benefit. ~ ~ Redding Gardens Cooperative. In the summer of 2000, the owners of the Redding Gardens Cooperative decided to "opt out" of their Section 8 Project-Based contract by October 31, 2000. The Redding Housing Authority (RHA) applied for and received 48 vouchers linked to this conversion activity. The vouchers were to be initially utilized by eligible households residing at the Cooperative. The vouchers would provide continued rental assistance benefits to them. At the time of the "opt out," only 15 households were receiving Section 8 benefits. Those 15 households were converted to the RHA's Section 8 tenant-based voucher program. The balance of the vouchers (33) was used by the RHA to provide rental assistance to eligible households from its waiting list. ~ KutTas Gardens. No changes have occurred at this senior complex over the past eight years. Based upon a recent discussion with the on-site manager, there are no plans for the subsidized units to be converted to market rate prior to 2017, the date that the HUD mortgage is retired. ~ Moderate Rehabilitation Increments I through 5. Since the last revision to the Housing Element, the overall Moderate Rehabilitation Program has decreased significantly. HUD now has in place an established process which addresses annual renewals of those project sites with 4 or more 10 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ,~ 1 units which were covered by a Moderate Rehabilitation Contract. Due to change in owners, increased market rents, and HUD's rent renewal formula. several owners have decided not to renew their contracts. As a result, only 46 units remain in this program from the program's maximum of 227. The unit size and corresponding increment are listed below: Moderate Rental Units Status: 2003 2 3 4 5 TOTAL 3 3 5 2 5 12 20 6 3 7 3 10 11 22 8 46 16 It is anticipated that by year end, another 21 units will leave the program. The remaining 25 units will be located at one site. The RHA continues to offer a replacement voucher to eligible households, so that they may secure affordable housing. ~ Heritage Plaza, Phases I and 2. Although not previously identified as an "at-risk" site, Heritage Plaza-a 180-unit rental complex constructed in the late 1960s, utilizing both private and public funding-has undergone a change in its status. Coupled with various rehabilitation efforts, the new owners of Heritage Plaza decided to prepay their mortgage. At that time, numerous families were recipients of rental assistance benefits via the HUD Rent Supplement Program. The RHA was approached by HUD to apply for and administer 100 vouchers designated to those families residing in Phase 1 and who were currently receiving benefits. The RHA met with and, in most cases, timely transited households from the Rent Supplement Program to "enhanced" vouchers. Heritage Plaza, Phase 2, ,continues to maintain a Project-Based Contract to assist no more than 59 households. Any vouchers not used at the site were available to the RHA to provide benefits to eligible households from its waiting list. November 4, 2004 . Cost Analysis of Preserving Versus Replacing At~Risk Units According to Section 65583(a) (8) (B) of Housing Element Law, the cost of producing new rental housing comparable in size and rent levels to replace the "at~risk" units and the cost of preserving all the units for the planning period, must be included in the Housing Element. The at~risk units range in size from 1-3 bedrooms and are comprised of multiple~family units in 2- to 5-unit configurations and single-family homes. It is assumed that if replacement units were to be developed, multiple-family units would be utilized, not single- family homes. For that reason, the following analysis only considers the cost for replacement through multiple-family development. General development costs for multiple-family projects are discussed in detail in the sections entitled GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS TO MAINTENANCE, IMPROVEMENT, AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING and NONGOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS TO MAINTENANCE, IMPROVEMENT, AND Dc\lELOPMENT OF HOUSING. Based upon a low-average construction cost for multiple-family units of $75 per square foot; a low~average land cost of$5,000 per unit; indirect costs (construction interest, off~sites, on-sites, architectural, and civil engineering) of $5,000 per unit; and average per-unit fees of $7,750, each 800-square-foot, I-bedroom unit would cost approximately $77,750. Replacement cost for each 900~square~foot, 2-bedroom unit would be approximately $82,250; and each 1,000-square-foot, 3-bedroom unit would run approximately $92,750. The estimated cost to replace the remaining 362 "at-risk" units would be approximately $28,145,500, assuming that all units were single~bedroom units. As stated previously, all the units are older and many are in need of rehabilitation work. Projected acquisition costs must include the cost of any rehabilitation work necessary to bring the units up to a standard level. Basic acquisition cost for units of comparable age and condition would be approximately $125,000 for a single-family unit and approximately $35,000 per unit for the multiple~family structures. The rehabilitation staff with the City's Housing Division, drawing from many years of experience with rehabilitation programs targeting similar rental units, estimates that the average per-unit rehabilitation cost November 4. 2004 e for units of comparable size, age, and condition is approximately $20,000. Using an average acquisition cost of $35,000 per multiple-family unit, coupled with an average rehabilitation cost of $20,000 per unit, the cost of acquiring and preserving the 362 "at-risk" units is approximately $19,910,000. The cost of keeping the rents at an affordable level for units which have been either acquired or newly constructed is dependent upon the type of financing used to purchase or construct the units. Market-rate financing would require a much larger monthly revenue stream to cover the higher cost of the financing. It is likely that revenues from affordable rents would not be sufficient to cover the cost of debt service on the units. A substantial part of either construction or acquisition cost would need to be underwritten by some form of deep subsidy. A full pro forma on each individual project would be necessary to arrive at more than a broad estimate of costs involved. The following rent subsidy cost estimate is based upon the 2003 average annual Section 8 subsidy. Using the average Section 8 subsidy cost for 2003 ($310 per unit), the estimated annual subsidy cost necessary to keep similar units affordable for very low-income households would require an annual subsidy of$1,346,640. Resources for Preservation Four separate entities have expressed interest in being notified under the first right of refusal option if affordable housing projects become available in the Redding area. These include the Redding Housing AuthOrity (RHA), the Community Revitalization Development Corporation, and Resources for Rural Community Development (RRCD), as well as two housing development organizations from outside the area. In addition, Northern Valley Catholic Social Service, a local nonprofit housing service provider, has the ability to acquire and manage assisted housing projects. In order to ensure continued affordability of the units, acquisition by any of l:hese entities would very likely require continued rental assistance by HUD or a deep subsidy from Federal, State, or local sources applied towards the acquisition costs. It is unlikely that sufficient local funding sources will be available to fully subsidize acquisition, rehabilitation, or development of new affordable units to replace those at risk of being lost over the remaining four-year period. The City receives approximately $1.6 million in combined Federal Community Development Block Housing Element 11 ~ Grant (CDBG) and HOME funds annually. Many of these funds are allocated through a highly competitive process and have historically been utilized for a variety of community projects, including housing. The Redding Redevelopment Agency generates approximately $1. 7 million in its Housing Set-Aside Fund annually. This fund is utilized locally in a variety of ways to improve the housing opportunities for the area's lower- and moderate-income households. Over the next five years, approximately $8.5 million will be available for this purpose. The Redding Housing Authority administers approximately 1,526 rental subsidies for which it receives administrative fees. During FY 2003-04, the RHA received approximately $894,828 in administrative fees. These fees are utilized by the Housing Authority to cover the cost of administering the Section 8 rental assistance program in the community. Over the next four years, it is anticipated that approximately $3.51 million will be received through this source. It is not anticipated that funds in excess of the amount needed to run the program will be available, since HUD is currently proposing a change in 12 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~". the administrative fee structure. If the change' is adopted, the RHA may have a fee reduction. Several new construction programs funded through the Federal government are currently available for affordable housing projects. These offer money at reduced interest rates or on a grant basis in exchange for affordability of units. In addition, various mortgage bond programs and Federal tax credits might be accessed to enhance a project's affordability. Another avenue for reducing the cost of development is the use of the local Density Bonus Program. In summary, creative projects-whether acquisition or new development, which combine a variety of local, State, Federal, and private dollars-have a greater likelihood of success in the current housing market. The City is committed to working towards enhanced housing affordability for the community's lower-income households and, as it has in the past, will consider commitment of housing funds such as the' redevelopment low-income housing set-aside and its Community Development Block Grant, as well as HOME funds, towards that end. November 4, 2004 . --" HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT - - State Housing Element Law requires that a community analyze both its existing housing needs and its projected housing needs for the required planning period. Such existing and projected needs analysis must include . Census data showed that approximately 2 7 percent (4,927) of all homeowner hous~~holds surveyed were overpaying for housing. Table 2 shows the distribution, by income, of those owner-occupied households paying 30 percent or more of their income for housing costs. Among the lower-income homeowners ($35,000 or less), approximately 60 percent (2,911 households) were overpaying for housing. A commonly accepted definition of "affordable" as it relates to housing costs is when a household pays no more than 30 percent of its gross monthly income for TABLE 2 ."'.".,........,... '~<.r..1....."........t...._..t;:./'_.,'....'."r....,...........:......,.I.(t;.,...,,!'>4,"q,...~.'-.."'.~'.1,'.'.--T.^.Y...1~~ ")f ":.- '-'- "':"f"" .....~..-' . " '., :i~/"' ;',' :r""'ER1'BF:1HdMl1:'tjr'~,' /,....':EA&1NG;JO~'(jR:1WORE,OE'BO:OSEfrOLD ;:~;;;;:i:,~,-}.,-:/:::...,.t".,':-:'t....i\+,~r.r~i;;'",:.,>''''_~.~:;'~.,:;,-"..'-..~0.:.:..J~~.'~_:~:.>t ,1"1-",/",-" ~-.~... -,' -, :' '. ;-', , '~{~'.:::'r>T~C~l\JE~~Dl{;l~lq~;~tJ:I.Ili;Y:;C-'~STS1.l.\Y:IN.<;;QME'~!\TEGORy ~.'.' ,. ,. ... , , . . oc.., ..... '.' -- . . - "", . .:. " :--:'-,,:',,!~;.~:< ,",;' _'- . -, .1-: :: ::,<.. . ...., , . : " ANNU~'lNc9~ ,N"~Jffi PE REPORtJNGlJ~ % OF INCOME CATEGORY Less than $ 1 0,000 446 86.6% $ 1 0,000 to $ 19,999 986 64.4% $20,000 to $34,999 1 .479 50.0% Source: 2000 Census consideration of the locality's share of the regional housing need as provided by the local Council of Governments (CoG) or, in Redding's case where there is not a CoG, as provided by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). This chapter includes an analysis of local housing market characteristics for both renters and homeowners; an analysis of the special housing needs of the area's population, particularly for the following identified groups-the elderly, the handicapped, large families, families headed by a single-female parent, minorities, and the homeless; and an analysis of the projected new construction housing needs of the Redding area, utilizing the regional housing share figures provided by HCD in 2002. It concludes with an inventory of residentially classified land based upon property zoning. Much of the basis for this section is statistical data provided through the U.S. 2000 Census. HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS HomeownershiplHousing Costs/Ability to Pay In 2000, the Census reported that out of a total of 32,137 households, 56.8 (18,247 households) percent resided in housing units that they owned. The 2000 November 4, 2004 housing expenses. For a homeowner, these expenses are principal and interest payments for mortgages, as well as property taxes, and homeowner's insurance. For a renter, housing expenses includ.e the basic monthly rent, plus utility costs, Housing payments totaling more than 30 percent of the household's income constitute "overpaying." A household with monthly housing costs totaling more than 50 percent of income is considered extremely cost-burdened. In Redding, as throughout the country, the dream of homeownership is an integral part of American life. It continues to be a goal for many citizens and, historically, has been used as an indicator of status and prosperity. Based on information provided by the Shasta County Board of Realtors, the median price of a new single- family home built in the City of Redding in 2003 was $286,800. The median selling price of all single-family detached homes within the City of Redding was reported to be approximately $202,600. It should be noted that the price escalation for new construction witnessed over the past several years is due in part to the large homes being produced. For instance, the average size of a new home in 1996 was 1,696 square feet, In 2000, the average size was 1, 929 square feet; and in 2003, it jumped to 2,090 square feet. Housing Element 13 :'~, The City of Redding's 2003 median family income of $45,400 for a family of four, as reported by HUD, generally indicates an ability to purchase a home with a maximum purchase price three times as great, or $136,200. This amount is considerably below the current median price of a home in the city. In 2003, interest rates in the Redding area generally ranged between 5.5 percent and 6 percent on a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. While interest rates for home loans during 2002 and 2003 dropped to near-historic lows (i.e., less than 6 percent), these rates can and will likely fluctuate depending on the future status of State and national economic growth trends. Due to the recent rise in Redding's housing prices, despite recent nationwide low mortgage interest rates, /-........" many households, except for the above-moder~te income groups, are finding it increasingly difficult to locate affordable housing. Table 3 presents the affordability of homes in several price ranges, under several different interest rate scenarios for low-, median-, and moderate-income households. As Table 3 illustrates, homeowners hip opportunities are more limited as incomes decrease and as interest rates increase. In addition to generally being unable to support the level of monthly mortgage payment required for all but the least expensive homes available, lower-income households have a more difficult time accumulating the amount necessary for the required down payment and closing costs. TABLE 3 , 'REQUIREI> , ' . . PURCHASB<.' ";,' 5% " . ,INTEREST ;' :PRle~:. 'OOWNPAYMENT;. RATE FffiSTMORTGAGE* . LOW ( <80% of median) Maximum annual income for family of $161,000 4 = $36,300 Maximum monthly income for family of $150,000 4 = $3,025 Maximum "affordable" $142,000 (30% of gross income) housing payment = $908 MEDIAN (81 - 100% of median) Maximum annual income for family of 4 = $45.400 Maximum monthly income for family of 4 = $3,783 Maximum "affordable" (30% of gross income) housing payment = $1,135 MODERATE (101-120% of median) $182,000 $171,000 $159,000 Maximum annual income for family of 4 = $54,500 Maximum monthly income for family of 4 = $4,542 Maximum "affordable" (30% of gross income) housing payment = $1,363 $200,000 $188,000 $175,000 * Assume a 30-year, fixed-rate conventional mortgage. $8,050 $7,500 $7,100 6% $117,950 ($908 PITI) $107,500 ($903 PIT I) $99,900 ($910 PITI) 7% 8% $9,100 $8,550 $7,950 6% $150,900 ($1,133 PITI) $140,450 ($1,148 PITI) $129,050 ($1,145 PITI) 7% 8% $10,000 $9.400 $8,750 6% $182,000 ($1,341 PITI) $190,600 ($1,370 PITI) $158,250 ($1,380 PITI) 7% 8% 14 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update November 4. 2004 . .. Rentals/Ability to Pay According to the 2000 Census, 43.2 percent (13,890)of all occupied housing was classified as renter-occupied. The Census also reported that approximately 48 percent of all renter households were overpaying for housing. Among the lower-income renter households (less than $35,000 income), approximately 70 percent (4,734) were paying in excess of 30 percent of the household's monthly income for housing as shown in Table 4. There is a continuing need for rental assistance programs targeting extremely low- and very low-income renter households. There is also a need for continuation of program assistance which serves to . 1.01 persons occupies each room of a dwelling unit. The Census further documents that of the overcrowded households, 75.3 percent (1,210 households) are renters and 24.7 percent (397 households) are homeowners. Based upon the scarcity and cost of larger (3 + bedrooms) rental units within the City of Redding, it is likely that some larger families are forced to accept smaller units than what would be the ideal for the family size. The Redding Housing Authority reports that a majority of the families on the 4+-bedroom waiting list for subsidies end up renting smaller units due to the scarcity of appropriately sized units. TABLE 4 "'~(:r0':_"~:~;:~"1\.\"i'''' :~;-'~i\:\_,i_"J-:r;"-;'-~y"-'" '~'I-".. '9-"', :l~' . ;. :'I'~~~'-:,':S~-k'":;~r~:n:~<.:~. *"I~~'J ""'''~\-.':',.,: -~"-;',':,"''':,;'Y~;'':-,;' ....~ ~:-;,. ~ ,',';,j. '.'.:' ,. ~ ":;-,. '.i.iT,ta.iIi:D'ER' ....In.I.. r:iD.Jj.:MT.T~;'H" ~U~"S"E'B'AT';D'S' 'n;iV:n.TG' '40&1..;'; . ' , ...- .::',;.:"'-~:;>,-;-;:":, ':I:-f'.':+";,?l.~ _ .<^..,~:~',,,,.l?~"~~~'.~~'-!I~ :- .. _ ~_ _ _ - '-~~; _ ': :: :7Pn;;~;~'1; , _ .i.".~C)-;:;"->,;- , _ i.~.,:.:.:t':>\..,':- .:71l'~;O:RMORE;:dF 'H~i:JSEH6iIDmCOMEE()RRENt;:,.:'; ..' ':. ,.',: ,,"'~;,,~,: :.: ,:'. ".~ ':', '::If', ,~; ;B~'IN',I CO'ME" 'c' A: ~r.nR" v',~:' 0'; . ,~'.: .....,. : '. .. ,~ ,"', ',;:' ..',., "\~, , ''"' ,": . ,.~:I:I~ ,<.J:,.-;., " . __" ',."" , , , ... .',", ":' ., "', ,t' .,....F, 'C"--', ,',' I'" .., 1;' ANNU~:~eoME'e5; ,\ ".~UM}lBROF.~RTiN(J:YNITSj, ',.:'~.bFINOOME'CATEGORY" Less than $10,000 2,277 83.9% $10,000 to $19,999 2,829 81.2% $20,000 t,o $34,999 1,348 38.9% $35,000 to 49,999 158 9.0% $50,000 to 74,999 24 2.1% Source: U.S. 2000 Census increase the affordability of rental units occupied by lower-income households. Rental prices in Redding have increased over the past five years. The 2000 Census reported the median contract rent in Redding to be $464. After increasing significantly in 2001 and 2002, rents appear to be returning to a more normal level. Information obtained from Sun Country Properties, a large property management firm in Redding, indicates that modest 2-bedroom apartments rented for approximately $500 per month at the close of 2003. At the end of 2003, rent for a modest 3-bedroom, 2-bath home was approximately $900 per month. Overcrowding According to the 2000 Census, approximately 5 percent (1,608 housing units) are considered overcrowded. An ,overcrowded household is one in which more than November 4, 2004 Special Housing Needs Some population subgroups-such as the elderly, persons with disabilities, large families, female-headed households, farm workers, and the homeless-have special housing needs which may not be addressed by the conventional housing market. As required by State guidelines, the shelter needs of these special groups are discussed in this section. Elderly. According to the Census, 25.3 percent (8,136 households) of Redding's households are headed by persons 65 years of age and older. Approximately 73.5 percent are homeowners (5,980 households) and 26.5 percent are renters (2,156 households). The 2000 Census figures indicate that 14.3 percent of all households living below the poverty level in the City of Redding had a head of household 65 years of age or older. The census does not break down household Housing Element 15 ,~ income in a manner that correlates with the various income categories (i.e., very low-income, low-income, moderate-income, etc.) used under Housing Element Law. The City, therefore, is not able to allocate the above percentage by income group. Another housing issue which faces many elderly households is the deterioration of their existing shelter. Homes purchased when incomes were in a higher bracket are now unable to be maintained with a smaller retirement income. Many single-elderly householders find themselves facing the loss of their home due to a financial inability to maintain it. There is an ongoing need for continued rehabilitation assistance targeting lower-income homeowners in general and the elderly component of that population in particular. Elderly households also have a special need for housing accessible to public transportation, community medical facilities, and retail centers, possibly with greater-than- normal security. This group on the whole is less mobile than the general population, and accessibility of the above-listed facilities and services is crucial to their ability to reside in any particular location. Several housing complexes located in Redding have been developed specifically for the elderly population. Two complexes, Redding Pilgrim House with 49 units and Tree House Senior Apartments with 63 units, reserve all units for very low-income seniors or disabled persons due to requirements of the complexes' long- term financing (the HUD 202 program). Another, River Oaks Retirement Center, is obligated to keep 20 percent of its 100 units available to lower-income seniors. This is a condition imposed by the terms of the financing source for the project (Multi-Unit Rental Housing Revenue Bonds issued by the Redding Housing Authority). In addition, two downtown hotels, the Lorenz and Hotel Redding (which are owned and operated by Christian Church Homes of Northern California) offer 78 and 47 units, respectively, to seniors seeking affordable one-bedroom and efficiency apartments. The rent structures are subsidized through tax credit financing and Federal project-based vouchers. Congregate meals and supportive services for the Lorenz residents are available on-site, while both hotels are in close proximity to medical, retail, and other resources. Additionally, Mountain Vistas, a 57-unit HUD 202 Seniors project, sponsored by Southern California Presbyterian Homes, broke ground in July 2003. Mercy 16 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /-----..." . Oaks, a 63-unit HUD 202 Seniors project, sponsored by Mercy Housing California, is also nearing construction. Even with the high volume of affordable senior housing production over the past several years, there remains an ongoing need for continued community support for the development of additional rental units coupled with supportive services targeted to the very low-income elderly population. Accommodation of employees needed for the on-site/ in-home care of the elderly should also be considered. Because Redding does not limit unrelated individuals from occupying a residence and also allows the construction of second dwellings and guesthouses in its residential districts, adequate opportunities for employee housing are provided. Persons With Disabilities. The special housing needs of the handicapped/disabled population of the area are primarily concentrated in two areas: (1) availability of affordable units and (2) accessibility within the housing unit based on individual disabilities. Far Northern Regional Center (FNRC) and Independent Living Services of Northern California, two nonprofit agencies in the Redding area that work exclusively with the disabled population, have stated that these are the two most pervasive housing problems facing the area's handicapped population. It has been difficult to find accurate data which represents the total handicapped population with special housing needs in Redding. Most agencies which serve this population specialize in a particular type of disability or age group and do not have the capacity to collect overall population data. Information gathered by the Census is somewhat limited and is shown in Tables 5 and 6. All handicapped/disabled individuals do not have special housing needs. However, it is generally accepted that many individuals with a disabling physical handicap require some degree of modification to their housing unit based upon the limitations of their individual handicap. In 1984, Title 24 of the State Uniform Building Code mandated that all multiple-family residential construction projects containing in excess of 5 units under construction after September 15, 1985, would conform to specific disabled adaptability/accessibility regulations. In 1988, the Federal government enacted the U.S. Fair Housing Amendment Act, also with the November 4, 2004 . . TABLE 5 \.-:';:;"t.l~_\j'<'-', ~.:' ~<~:";'''.~'!/.t;_,,,V._ ; _.;. :'H"':siFA1:US]ZoOO) ,- ~. .,,' 'L '_'..' ......', ,," .,' - , . _ NUMBER.: :A '_' Age 5~4, Employed Persons with a Disability Age 5~4, Not Employed Persons with a Disability Persons Age 65 Plus with a Disability TOTAL PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY TOT AL POPULATION (CiVILIAN NONINSTITUTIONAL) Source: Census Bureau (2000 Census SF 3:P42) I Total does not equal 100 percent due to independent rounding. 4,095 3,092 5,555 18,008 74,731 5.5 4.1 7.4 24.1 100 TABLE 6 TOTAL DISABILITIES TALLIED TOTAL DISABILITIES FOR AGES 5~4 Sensory Disability Physical Disability Mental Disability Self-Care Disability Go-Outside-Home Disability Employment Disability TOTAL DISABILITIES FOR AGES 65 AND OVER Sensory Disability Physical Disability Mental Disability Self-Care Disability Go-Outside- Home Disability Source: Census Bureau (2000 Census SF 3:P41) 31,718 100 20,923 66 1,776 5.6 4,770 15 4,188 12.9 1.400 4.4 2,729 8.6 6,060 19.1 10,795 34 2,099 6.6 3,857 12.2 1,375 4.3 1,134 3.6 2,330 7.3 intent of increasing the number of rental units being built that would be accessible to handicapped individuals. InJuly 1993, the State of Cali fomi a issued "California Multifamily Access Requirements" based upon the Act. Unfortunately, the actual increase in the number of handicapped-accessible units available on the current rental market has been small. According to City Building Division officials, less than 2 percent of the multiple-family units being constructed are, in fact, handicapped-accessible. In today's rental market, little if any, actual incentives exist to encourage a landlord to cover the extra expense of converting these "adaptable" units to "accessible" units. The Emergency Repair Program (ERP) has been designed in part to address these needs by providing November 4, 2004 Housing Element 17 ,~\ affordable loans to assist, among other things, disabled tenants to improve their rental units to meet their physical needs. The housing needs of several other categories of disabled persons, including those with HIV/AIDSj developmentally disabled persons, including the mentally retardedj and the mentally ill are typically not addressed by Title 24 regulations. The housing needs of persons with these types of disabilities, in addition to basic affordability, range from needing slight modifications of existing units to the need for a variety of supportive housing arrangements. Some of this population can only live successfully in housing which provides a semi-sheltered, semi-independent living state, such as clustered group housing or other group- living quartersj others are capable of living independently if affordable units are available. FNRC reports 1,631 active clients residing in Shasta County as of November 2002. Fifty-five percent of these persons reside in the homes of private guardians, while another 20 percent reside in independent living facilities. Approximately 13 percent live in some form of community care unit. Nearly 52 percent of these clients possess some form of mild mental retardation. The FNRC has collaborated with Resources for Rural Community Development to increase the number of consumer-owned homes in the County. Since its inception in 1997, 21 homes have been purchased. The FNRC also works with other housing providers, such as Catholic Healthcare West/Mercy Housing California and Northern Valley Catholic Social Service, to increase consumer access to subsidized, accessible, and affordable housing. An increasing number of accessible affordable apartments in a variety of sizes (single-room occupancy units [SROs], 1-, and 2-bedroom), rental homes, first- time homebuyer opportunities, and direct rental subsidies are needed to address the needs of this population. There is also a need for retrofitting units for handicapped accessibility for both renters and homeowners. Group-home living quarters for a variety of specific disabled clientele groups have traditionally been found intermixed within Redding's residential neighborhoods. Larger single-family homes are purchased or leased by the supporting agency and house a small group of handicapped clients along with support personnel. The availability of these larger (4-5 bedroom) homes is 18 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~~ diminishing, as well as becoming cost-prohibitive \0 purchase and/or lease. Consistent with State law, residents are limited to six or fewer in number per facility if located within standard single-family zoned neighborhoods. A fact that compounds the housing problems of the disabled population is that many fall into several of the special needs categories. Many of Redding's disabled are also elderly and/or single individuals. Many of these households require units with a second bedroom for live-in attendant care. The larger units are correspondingly more expensive to rent, making housing costs excessively expensive for fixed-income households. Standard move-in costs for rental units in this area include first and last month's rent and a substantial security deposit. These amounts are prohibitive to a lower-income household, even if an affordable unit is located. Large Families. HUD defines "large family" as a family consisting of five or more members. According to the 2000 Census, large families make up 7.7 percent (1,405 households) of the owner-occupied households and 9.5 percent (1,320 households) of the renter households in the City. The Census does not break down household income in a manner that correlates with the various income categories (i.e., very low- income, low-income, moderate-income, etc.) used under Housing Element Law. The City, therefore, is not able to allocate the above percentages by income group. As discussed in the previous section on "Overcrowding," as income decreases and family size increases, more and more families reside in overcrowded conditions. There exists in Redding a shortage oflarge (3+ bedrooms) affordable rental units suitable for housing a "large" family. The current rent figures for the few units of this size make them unaffordable to lower-income families. The primary housing need for large families is the development of additional affordable housing units with 3 and 4 bedrooms. Development of these units is encouraged through the neighborhood revitalization programs being undertaken in target neighborhoods. Female-Headed Households. According to the 2000 Census, 32.5 percent of all households in Redding were reported to be headed bya female (10,425 households). Of these households, 27.2 percent (2,836 households) have minor children in the household. The Redding Housing Authority reports that approximately November 4, 2004 . 60 percent of the households currently on the waiting list for subsidies are headed by females. According to the housing report, "Grasping at the Dream, California Housing: Who Can Afford the Price?" prepared by the California State Senate Office of Research in June 1990, several expert sources stated that female-headed families are disproportionately affected by high housing costs and are possibly the group with the most extensive housing needs. In addition to affordability issues, much of this group has an added burden of locating units which are suitable for raising children. Features such as an adequate number of bedrooms, play yards, fencing, and a physically safe neighborhood are critical issues to the well-being of a family. As noted above, most new apartments being built with 2 or fewer bedrooms. Continuation of programs, such as Family Self- Sufficiency, and affordable housing construction efforts will help address this group's need for decent, affordable, larger units, as well as provide access to supportive services, such as child care, which are vital to families with children. Minorities. The breakdown of Redding's population by ethnic group is presented in an earlier section of this document, "Income and Ethnicity." The housing needs of these groups are, for the most part, identical to those of nonminorities in Redding. All low- and moderate- income persons, regardless of ethnicity, face the major problem of housing affordability and, secondly, the issue of housing availability. Housing problems existing solely because of race do not appear to be an issue in the community. . Farm Workers. Redding is located at the northern end of the Sacramento Valley, which is above the major agricultural areas of California. In 1990, agricultural employment comprised only 2 percent of the total wage and salary employment in the entire County. This category of employment, in addition to containing traditional farm work, includes those individuals employed in the forestry industry. Individuals employed in the forestry industry typically have permanent housing they return to on a daily basis or are housed by the company at the various job sites, the majority of which are located in the mountainous areas outside the County. The primary types of traditional fam1 work in Shasta County are jobs related to strawberry plant November 4.2004 . processing, potato harvesting, and apiary (bee-keeping) work. Data supplied from the 1997 Census of Agriculture indicates that more than 80 percent of the farm workers in Shasta County worked less than 150 days per year. Farm labor employment in Shasta County has declined by approximately 18 percent since 1990 based on information supplied by the State Employment Development Department. According to the State Employment Development Department's (EDD) Agricultural Specialist for Shasta County, within the Planning Area of the City of Redding, there are no agricultural operations which use temporary, seasonal farm workers. The Re€~on 2 Office of Migrant Child Education also reports that it does not perceive a need for specific housing for farm workers in the immediate Redding area. Both of these service providers stated that the vast majority of farm workers residing in this area are permanent, not migratory, residents. According to both sources, EDD and Migrant Education, many of the families employed in farm work are of Hispanic or Southeast Asian heritage. Because these ethnicities tend to have larger families, the difficulties described in "Large Families" and "Overcrowding" would apply. These problems would be compounded with any communication difficulties related to non-English-speaking households. In order to mitigate this last difficulty on City-sponsored programs, the Redding Housing Authority has access to translators for many of the commonly spoken Southeast Asian dialects, as well as Spanish, if needed. It appears that except for those problems noted above, the housing needs of households employed in agriculture do not differ from other households of comparable income employed elsewhere in this area. As with all other segments, farm workers have access to lower-cost housing provided by available second dwelling units and mobile homes, both of which are allowed in. all residential districts. Health and Safety Codes, including Sections 17021.5 and 17021.6, are applied to all such housing. Persons or Families in Need of Emergency Shelter. Article 10.6 of the Government Code requires local governments to plan for the provision of shelters and transitional housing for homeless persons and families. In addition, all localities must designate sites suitable to accommodate facilities capable of meeting the identified need. Housing Element 19 :r-\ The following discussion attempts to identify those in the population who are currently in need of emergency shelter and project an estimate of the number of persons and families who are considered to be in the "at-risk" category. This last group would be individuals and families whose current housing situation is so fragile that the likelihood of their requiring emergency shelter in the immediate future is high. A summary of existing programs and services available in the community targeted to the homeless and at-risk population is also included. Although the 1990 Census was the first national effort to address the homeless population, that specific enumeration as well as the 2000 census, did not provide adequate figures for Shasta County, particularly as it relates to the unsheltered population. In calendar year 2002, the local Continuum of Care Council (CoCC) conducted the first ever annual census in Shasta County which involved ten local agencies serving the homeless. The CoCC is a collaboration composed of over 20 local organizations providing housing and related homeless services to the community. Established in 1998, the Continuum's mission is to oversee the implementation and coordination of the Continuum of Care Plan and to offer solutions toward homelessness in Shasta County. The Council's primary goals include: (1) acting as a statistical clearinghouse for the dissemination of homelessness informational data to study and interpret homelessness trends; (2) examining principles through which the community can effectively address homelessness; (3) developing a body of knowledge regarding homelessness and related topics in order to educate the community; and (4) facilitating and exploring activities and funding sources for homeless programs and services to fulfill the mission. The survey, which is a key piece of the plan, was conducted from January 2002 through December 2002 and updated in 2003 to develop an annual unduplicated count of homeless individuals and families and to collect demographic data on these households. The key findings of the homeless survey'are as follows: ~ 2,380 unduplicated households, comprised of 4,496 individuals, were homeless at some point during the 12-month period of this study. 1,567 of the 4,496 homeless people identified were children. ~ ~ An additional 1,958 unduplicated households, comprised of 5,496 total individuals, were at 20 City of Redding Hausing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update '~'" imminent risk of losing their housing during the 12-month period of this study. ~ Of these at-risk households, 25 percent were families with children. ~ Approximately 6 percent of Shasta's population were either homeless or at imminent risk of homelessness at some point in 2003. ~ Over 4,700 Shasta County children were either homeless or at imminent risk of homelessness in 2003. In regard to homeless households, the survey noted several significant findings. First of all, the Continuum demonstrated conclusively that over 4.400 people in Shasta County were homeless at some point in 2003. This represents a significant increase over the estimated figures of 708 to 2,100 associated with planning documents, such as the Consolidated Plan, U.S. Census statistics, and numerous needs assessments. Secondly, over 1,100 Shasta County children were homeless at some point in 2002. This confirms a trend that has been documented regionally and nationally towards an increasing number of homeless families and an ever greater number of minor children that experience an episode of homelessness at some point in their lives. Finally, most homeless people in Shasta County are not highly visible. The extent of the homeless problem is masked because the vast majority of homeless people (approximately 70 percent), rather than living on the streets, are living in cars, camping in rural areas of the County, temporarily living on their friends' couches, or staying in short-term emergency shelters. This is particularly true for homeless families with children. Overall, the Continuum documented that of the 3,947 unduplicated households comprising homeless and at-risk households, approximately two-thirds of the total group experience one or more levels of special needs that may compromise their ability to sustain a stable living condition during the 12-month period of this study. The special needs category ranges from drug/alcohol and mental health issues to physical disabilities, domestic violence, pregnancy, and urgent or chronically ill problems. Although the specific strategy of the City of Redding/Shasta County CoCC to eliminate chronic homelessness in ten years is still a work in progress, it currently incorporates many of the key elements that November 4, 2004 . draw on HUD's blueprint for action, which encompass prevention, outreach, intake, assessment, emergency shelter, transitional housing, and permanent/ permanent-supportive housing. Like many other communities, the City of Redding/Shasta County CoC struggle to balance their resources and energies on these strategic elements. Prevention Strategy and Efforts The importance of prevention activities is paramount for keeping families and individuals at imminent risk of becoming homeless. Although available resources limit the scope and depth of such services, there are several good prevention activities which can also link mainstream agencies in the community: ~ The Diversion Program through the Department of Social Services offers one-time rent payments or other identifiable need issues for a Temporary Assistance to Needy Families-linked household. A household needs to be eligible for the CalWORKS Program, but not want to receive cash assistance. ~ The People of Progress organization offers first month's rent. and utilities, assistance for placement in motels, clothes, food, and bus passes for needy families. ~ Legal assistance, financial counseling, and representative payee programs from other local providers are also available for those homeless persons in need of services. Outreach, Intake, and Assessment Efforts The current system in place utilizes a typical model which moves clients who are homeless or in crisis to an emergency shelter, transitional housing, and then finally permanent housing. All three existing shelters for the chronic homeless, domestic violence victims, and runaway youth provide intake and assessment in order to determine client characteristics and needs. Over the next year, the CoCC will review the option of providing a "housing first" model that emphasizes interim housing with supportive services which stay with the family/individual even as they move to permanent housing. These "wraparound" services include case management, substance abuse treatment, mental health care, legal services, health care, and job training and employment. November 4.2004 . Emergency Shelter, Transitional Housing, and Permanent Housing The three community shelters represent the point of entry into the local homeless assistance system for the majority of clients. Providers offer more than a bed and warm meal. They help clients address barriers to maintaining housing and build social networks that usually lead to mainstream resources. Both the Good News Rescue Mission and the Women's Refuge own and operate transitional housing facilities that offer up to two years of supportive services. Similar to other areas of the country, the need for housing in the City of Redding/Shasta County far outstrips the availability of affordable housing. Section 8 rental assistance and project-based housing are available, but difficult to use and/or limited based on the demand. The City's Zoning Ordinance recognizes the necessity of establishing locations where this type of housing may be permitted. For instance, emergency shelters are allowed to be established in the City's "Heavy Commercial" District. The Good News Rescue Mission has been successfully operating in such a district for decades, having implemented aggressive expansion plans. Transitional Housing is an allowed use in the City's "RM" Residential Multiple Family Districts. Desirable and needed retail and other services are allowed in the "Heavy Commercial" District. Future Plans The CoCC's primary goal over the next four years is to expand the range and availability of prevention strategies and affordable permanent housing and provide transitional services that link community resources, while increasing awareness of existing community support systems. Clearly, there are obstacles that thwart local efforts to eliminate homelessness. Many of the obstacles to achieving this goal remain the same as stated in the 2002 CoC' Plan. They are: (1) lack of available funding resources; (2) development of an efficient homeless management information systemj (3) lack of accessibility to affordable housing units due to market conditions (increase in land and development fees, low inventory of homes); and (4) absence of community understanding and awareness relating to the complex nature of homelessness. Hausing Element 21 . One of the key elements heretofore overlooked by communities in their efforts to prevent homelessness involves discharge planning. Today the CoCC is fortunate in the fact that several communitywide systems of discharge planning are currently in place and being implemented. They include the following: ~ The Community Corrections General Plan, which promotes a balanced plan, providing a seamless community-based continuum of accountability from custody to reintegration into the community. The focus is directed toward accountability for the supervision, treatment, and incarceration of nonviolent adult offenders. HCD REGIONAL HOUSING NEEDS ALLOCATION PLAN The Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) has prepared a Regional Housing . Table 7 describes the RHNAP numbers for all ofSha~ta County, including the City of Redding, for the period January I, 2001, toJune 30, 2008, as prepared by HCD. AB noted in this table, the City of Redding's share of the regional allocation is 10,543 units. This portion constitutes roughly 70 percent of the total housing units for all jurisdictions in the County and is the largest allocation given to any of the jurisdictions. This number is far in excess of historical experience and projected average housing production for the period. Further, it significantly exceeds the number of housing units needed to accommodate projected population increases. Units built during the preparation of the document (calendar years 2001, 2002, and 2003) can be credited toward meeting the allocation numbers established by HCD for the 5-year hou~ing element period. These adjustments have been made accordingly in preparation of this element as shown in Table 8 below. TABLE 7 :.d;'f~\, ):i~.l';: ,,',.':", """'''re''",'.'5.';-L''~'.' ,.,c.""""',;",'",r, ''', ,. -,,', , ',z,.'"," ' Eo'. .:.'i{l!GtoNAt:ri6i;1,$INO'Nitos~nONByi:NcoME'GROllP' - "", : " " .,-', '",:.,""' -', '.'-."~\..'-: ::,', ?,....... ',"," '....':'...-::..:,.. .~. ".~ : " . "FOR'I1;JEPmUOri'JANI1~Yl,ZOO(~OU~.JUNE30, ZoQ8 " . ]URISDIC'i10N VERY Low Low' , . 'MODEl tATE '. ABOvE MODERATE TOTALS CITY OF ANDERSON 72 78 122 407 679 CITY OF REDDING 2,499 1,687 1,929 4,428 10,543 - CITY OF SHASTA LAKE 168 103 164 394 829 UNINCORPORATED AREA OF 815 589 557 1,051 3,012 COUNTY TOTALS 3,554 2,457 2,772 6,280 15,063 Needs Allocation Plan (RHNAP) for the City of Redding pursuant to Section 65584 of Article 10.6 of State Housing Element Law. The planning period for which housing needs have been determined extends from January I, 2001, through June 30, 2008. The normal time period for preparation of a housing element is based on a 7Yz-year time frame, with the first 2 Yz years devoted to preparation and adoption of the Element. The Housing Element itself covers a 5-year period. The revised Housing Element for the City of Redding covers a 5-year period ending June 30, 2008, 22 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update In the period 2001 through 2003, 1,795 new units were constructed or were under construction in the City of Redding. Therefore, Table 8 shows the number of units approved since January 1, 2001, through December 30, 2003, by income category and how corresponding adjustments have been made to the RHNAP for the City of Redding. Estimates of housing units constructed or mobile/modular homes installed were based on information generated by the City's electronic permit tracking system. The income allocation estimates are based on the following: November 4. 2004 . . TABLE 8 .- ' , ,\ :"'" ,'f"- :"" ! ,,' , . ":', , - ,_ - ' , " RHNA.P,At>JUSTMlENTSltORIAPPRQ~PRO}ECTS ..CiTY OF REDDING '. .' ., .... .. ' . "}ANtTAAv,'i60j TOl)EcEMa~ 3Q, 2003 ' , , " ,,, .....' , .' , . VERY Low Low MODERATE ABoVE,MoDERATE TOTAL RHNAP 2,499 1,687 1,929 4,428 10,543 APPROVED UNITS 97 59 494 1,145 1,795 ADJUSTED HOUSING NEEDS 2,402 1,628 1,435 3,283 8,748 Very Low#fLow#Income. Allocation of units among the two lower#income groups was determined based on information obtained from the City's Redevelopment Agency and Housing Division, Only those affordable units constructed through, or with the assistance of, these City agencies were allocated to the very low-, and low-income categories based on the type of project reviewed/approved by the City. This amounted to 156 units. Moderate#Income. Allocation of units constructed for the moderate#income category were estimated using the following methodology: 1. All newly constructed multiple-family units, except those specifically developed for very low- and low#income individuals as reported above, were included in the moderate-income category. Approximately 76 units were developed. 2. Newly constructed single-family residences with a square footage of 1,500 square feet or less (418 units) were considered as serving this income category. These homes are generally built on existing lots that are not part of recent subdivision development that appears to be geared to larger homes. As indicated above, the median-sized, new single-family residence currently being constructed in Redding is nearly 2,100 square feet. Presumably, these larger homes are being constructed for the higher- income groups. GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING CAPACITY Fundamental to a housing element is the ability of the jurisdiction to ensure that adequate residential districts exist in which to accommodate the forecasted housing needs as set forth in an RHNAP. An analysis of the November 4,2004 General Plan's residential areas indicates that a variety of such areas in the City have the potential to accommodate approximately 220,000 persons at full buildout. (Redding's 2003 population of 85,700 persons is based on recent Department of Finance [OaF] estimates.) While multiple-family housing is often the most viable source of affordable housing for the low#income groups, local market trends indicate only a moderate interest by local developers for such projects. Few requests have been proposed for General Plan amendments or rezoning applications seeking to expand the amount or number of areas designated for these categories needed to accommodate higher residential densities. Approximately 711 multiple- family units have been constructed in the City during the past 10 years (71 units per year average), although in 2003 alone, the City processed discretionary permit applications that could result in 61 'I additional multiple-family units. Required building permits for these units have yet to be issued, so they have not been included in Table 8 above. The General Plan's estimated population for the City is forecasted to be 93,542 in 2008-an increase of approximately 7,840 persons over the estimated 2003 population of85,700. At 2.47 persons per household, this would translate into a housing demand for approximately 635 new housing units per year (a 5-year total of 3,175 dwelling units). The 5-year averages from 1999 through 2003 for single-family and multiple-family units were 480 and 93, respectively, according to City Building Division records. However, the market was particularly strong over the last three years for single- family, averaging 521 units per year. Given this high level of building activity over the past three years and the renewed interest in construction of multiple-family dwellings noted above, the City estimates that approximately 3,000 additional units will be Housing Element 23 !" / constructed between January 1, 2004, and June 30, 2008. Based on market forces in the community, the City believes that without significant subsidies, the new development of affordable housing units for the very low-income and low-income groups will not meet the RHNAP quotas. HOUSING TARGETS - 2003-2008 Table 9 provides the quantified objectives of the City's housing goals for the period 2003-2008. The number of units for each income group is divided among new construction, rehabilitation, and conservation. The City has considered the potential impact of supply and demand factors, type of units available on the local market, economic characteristics of the local and regional economy, and family incomes that will ultimately dictate the outcome of the City's housing efforts. This analysis also includes an evaluation of past :-~ New Construction The City's housing goals show 3,000 newly constructed units-5,748 fewer units than the adjusted RHNAP estimates-will be constructed during the next five-year housing period. The allocations among income groups generally represent the characteristics of past housing growth. Private Sector (Moderate/Above-Moderate Income Construction) The components of new construction in the moderate- income category include the following: 1. Approximately 700 new market rate apartments are forecast to be constructed during the planning period. This represents an increase over past trends and is based, in part, on the number of unit entitlements that were obtained by developers during 2003. TABLE 9 RHNAP ADJUSTED 2,402 1,628 1,435 3,283 8,748 HOUSING NEEDS - 2003 ..., 'cITy. 6F,REJ)DING~HOUSING,GoALS ~ NEW CONSTRUCTION 170 80 9502 1,800 3,000 ~ REHABILITATION 120 45 10 175 CDBG,HOME ~ CONSERVATION 1 1,526 1,526 TOTAL PROPOSED UNITS 1,816 125 960 1,800 4,701 Includes Section 8 Vouchers. Includes 700 multiple-family units and 250 single-family units. program efforts, realistic assumptions regarding the productivity capacity of the local housing market, and probable funding support. The targets are discussed below under the categories of New Construction, Rehabilitation, and Conservation. Within each category, units have been distributed among the four income groups. Note that for the moderate-income and above moderate-income groups, the new construction estimates primarily reflect the private market, not program efforts of the City. 24 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update 2. Approximately 250 single-family units are forecast to be constructed for this income category. These units will generally be less than 1,500 square feet in area. At the upper end of this size threshold, the units would be affordable to those households making 120 percent of the median income, assuming a housing cost of $125 per square foot and a mortgage interest rate of 6 percent. 3. Approximately 15 units would be constructed through Redding Redevelopment Agency- assisted programs. November 4, 2004 . . The above moderate-income group shows 1,800 units. A relatively new phenomenon has developed resulting in an increasing number of larger, more expensive homes being built in the City. Based on information supplied by local housing officials and realtors, part of this shift to more expensive housing is influenced by a growing migration to Shasta County of retirees and semi-retirees relocating from more expensive housing areas in the State, with significant equity to demand this level of housing. It remains to be seen if this trend will continue and to what extent it will contribute to success in meeting housing goals for the next housing cycle. Assisted Construction Activities The programs described in the 2003-2008 action program are expected to result in the construction of 170 very low- and 80 low-income units. Rehabilitation Three sources of funding will be utilized for rehabilitation activities. The principal source is HOME funds. However, both CDBG and redevelopment set- aside funds also playa role in the program to a lesser degree. As indicated in Table 9, 175 dwellings are anticipated to undergo rehabilitation. Conservation The 2003-2008 goals for housing conservation are also tied to the success of maintaining, if not expanding, the levels of funding for rental subsidies experienced during the past decade. This is especially critical if the housing needs of the lower-income groups are to be met. Therefore, conservation of affordable units will rely heavily on the City's Section 8 Voucher program or similar funding programs. A total of 1,526 units is forecasted for conservation during the new housing period. This represents a continuation of recent program efforts. There is nothing on the immediate horizon to suggest that a larger infusion of funding will be forthcoming to substantiate a greater number of housing units being served. LAND INVENTORY & SITE AVAILABILITY REsIDENTIALCLASSIFICA nONS HOLDING CAP ACITY; LAND AVAILABILITY; INVENTORY OF MAJOR V ACANT SITES Housing Element Law requires the element to contain an identification of land in the community that is November 4, 2004 . suitable for residential development commensurate with the community's share of the regional housing need for all income levels. Both residential "holding capacity" and site availability for different residential products play critical roles in making a determination of adequacy. Residential Holding Capacity Residential holding capacity refers to the number of dwelling units that could theoretically be accommodated in the City if all land were to develop to the maximum potential allowed by the land use classifications of the General Plan. However, the maximum holding capacity will rarely occur in a community given such factors as localized infrastructure limitations, choices by individual property owners, and difficulties in redeveloping sites at the maximum densities afforded by the General Plan due to surrounding land uses and other considerations. To determine the residential holding capacity for Redding, it is necessary to consider not only those lands designated and zoned for residential uses, but also those designated for commercial/residential uses and mixed- use developments. The following discussion addresses the ability of the City to accommodate projected needs for additional housing. It includes the following: 1. The General Plan residential holding capacity, based on the mid-point of each residential density range, is approximately 220,000 persons (see Table 10). The General Plan incorporates approximately 25 square miles ofland in excess of that currently in the city limits. 2. The number of additional dwelling units that can be accommodated under the City's Zoning Ordinance, based on a GIS analysis of vacant residentially zoned properties in the City is approximately 33,700 dwelling units (see Table 11). 3. A discussion of opportunities and incentives afforded by both the General Plan and implementing ordinances for development of residential units in the following: ~ Various commercial districts. Mixed-use districts and developments. Senior citizen housing complexes. Second dwellings. Planned development: overlay districts. ~ ~ ~ ~ Housing Element 25 (\. " ~/ /-"-", " / gross acreage for these items when calculating the TABLE 10 GENERAL PLAN HOLDING CAP ACIIT RESIDENTIAL LAND USES ,7. . '1,., . ~REsmENTw..(dweloogunit.PeracreTau!a]) . 1 du/5 ac 1 du/5 ac 1 du/1 to 5 ac 1-2 du/a 2-3.5 du/a 3.5-6 du/a 6-10 du/a 10-20 du/a 20-30 du/a 1 dul2.5 ac 1.5 du/a 2.75 du/a 4.75 du/a 8 du/a 15 du/a 25 du/a Residential Lands-General Plan. Table 10 reflects the total current acreage count for all categories of residentially classified land, the potential number of units which could be developed within each category, and the estimated population able to be housed under each category, as reflected in the General Plan Diagram. As can readily be seen, there exists sufficient residential land to accommodate the number of units anticipated to be needed to house the overall population increase projected in the HCD regional share figures for Redding. Residential Lands-Zoning. The City of Redding's Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Division undertook an analysis of vacant multiple residentially zoned lands within the existing corporate boundary. The database used has been assembled from a number of sources, including the Shasta County Assessor records (assessed valuation of improvements), City of Redding Customer Service Department (utility billing records), and actual site surveys. As can be seen from Table 11, a total of 33, 7 34 units could be developed on currently vacant land designated for residential uses. Under the Zoning Ordinance regulations, local development standards addressing parking, landscape, setbacks, or open space do not require a deduction from 26 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update DWELIlNQ .U~ . POPULATION! 5,776 9,619 3,990 13,654 2,145 1,702 1,017 33 2,922 9,735 15,142 94,999 25,778 34.448 38,595 1,087 223t706 1,155 3,848 5,985 37,549 10,189 13,616 15,255 825 ~8;~~2 actual development potential of an individual site. Individual site characteristics, such as slopes or floodplain, however, might reduce the amount of units able to be constructed on specific sites and would be taken into consideration when actual development occurs. Additional Residential Opportunities In addition to the housing opportunities afforded by residentially classified lands, the following opportunities/incentives exist within the framework of the General Plan and its implementing ordinances to increase the number and variety of dwelling units that can be constructed in Redding: General Commercial Lands. Unlike many communities, Redding allows housing not only in its residential districts, but also in its primary commercial district, known as the General Commercial (GC) District. Approximately 300 acres of vacant "General Commercial" zoned land is found within the City. The Zoning Ordinance explicitly provides for residential development up to 18 dwelling units per acre in this classification. If as little as 10 percent of these lands were developed with residential uses, an additional 520 dwellings could be provided at the maximum November 4, 2004 . . TABLE 11 . . 'VAC~T :RESIDENTI.AL'LANP INVENTORY 1 du/5,500 sq. ft. (8 du/ac) 1 du/4,500 sq. ft. (10 du/ac) 1 du/3,500 sq. ft. (13 du/ac) 1 du/3,OOO sq. ft. (15 du/ac) 1 du/2,500 sq. ft. (18 du/ac) 1 du/2,225 sq. ft. (20 du/ac) 1 du/1,850 sq. ft. (24 du/ac) 1 du/1,450 sq. ft. (30 du/ac) SINGLE~F AMILY ZONING DISTRICT RE-1 RE-2 RS-2 RS-2.5 RS-3 RS-3.5 RS-4 VACANt ACRES 710 177 2,470 1,276 2,420 307 77 7,437 1 du/ac 2 du/ac 2 du/ac 2.5 du/ac 3 du/ac 3.5 du/ac 4 du/ac SUBTOTAL MULTIPLE~F AMILY ZONING DISTRICT' . RM-6 RM-9 RM-I0 RM-12 RM-15 RM-18 RM-20 RM-30 VACANT ACRES 315 372 67 168 359 9 2 2 1,294 8,731 SUBTOTAL TOTAL ALLOW ABLE DENSITY TOTAL DWELLING UNITS 710 344 4,940 3,190 - 7,260 1,075 - 308 17,827 ALLOw ABLE DENSITY TOTAL D'WELLING UNITS N/A 2,495 3,601 834 - 2,439 6,255 - 176 47 60 33,734 Source: City of Redding Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Division, December 2003. I Assumes 20 percent of vacant land area is encumbered by steep slopes and/or floodplain. permitted density. Mixed Use Neighborhoods. The General Plan identifies two specific areas for future mixed use/pedestrian- oriented development. Together, these areas represent approximately 480 acres. Development up to 24 dwellings per acre is permitted in each identified neighborhood. Although development as mixed use neighborhoods is optional for these areas under the City's General Plan, significant incentives are provided to make such development attractive to investors. These incentives include allowing up to 100,000 square feet of commercial development on the otherwise November 4, 2004 residentially classified property and residential densities that are significantly greater than those otherwise allowed in the area. If developed to their full residential potential, these neighborhoods could realistically accommodate approximately 11,500 dwellings. ~ Senior Apartments: Bonus Density. The Zoning Ordinance includes provisions to allow senior citizen projects to be constructed at twice the density otherwise allowed by the zoning of the property if the development is limited to very low-, low-, or moderate-income seniors. ~ Planned Development Overlay. This district Housing Element 27 !\ allows residential development at the top of the range allowed by the underlying General Plan classification for the property. For instance, a development on property that is zoned "RM-1O" (up to 13 dwellings per acre) in a "Residential, 10- to 20-unit-per-acre" General Plan classification could be approved in the Planned Development Overlay District at a density of up to 20 dwelling units per acre, an increase in density of over 50 percent. · Second Dwellings. The City's provisions for second dwellings allow these second units on all single-family and multiple-family parcels that have been developed with a single-family residence. · Manufactured Housing/Mobile Homes. Mobile homes are allowed in single-family residential districts as long as they are installed on an approved foundation system, have skirting, and comply with the City's parking requirements. Mobile home parks are allowed by use permit in the "RM-6" through "RM-10" zoning districts. The City's inventory of vacant residential properties, together with the above tools that allow for significant residential development in the Redding, far exceeds Redding's share of the regional housing needs for the current planning period and beyond. Land Availability for Very Low- and Low-Income Households As discussed in previous sections regarding existing and projected housing costs within the City of Redding, moderate- and median-income households can generally find affordable housing within the single- family or lower-density (6-10 units per acre) multiple- family categories. The development of housing affordable to lower-income households is generally considered to be more likely to occur at higher densities. Development at higher densities, under certain circumstances, can result in overall lower per- unit costs. These savings would be the result of potentially lower per-unit/per-acre land costs; possible lower per-unit, on-site costs for shared building components, such as common walls, common tenant areas, parking, landscape, etc.; and potentially lower per-unit costs for required off-site infrastructure, such as street improvements or utility extensions. The 28 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~ . savings, conceivably, could pass down to future residents as correspondingly lower housing costs. Because the actual zoning of vacant land allows for a more precise estimate of potential dwellings to be constructed in the community, zoning districts, rather than General Plan classifications, are used as the basis for analyzing whether sufficient vacant lands exist to accommodate lower-income households during the current planning period. Of the total acres and potential dwelling units identified in Table 11, a GIS analysis was conducted of the available sites that would be appropriate for development for lower-income housing, assuming that such housing would be provided at these higher-density zoning categories. The vast majority of sites are located adjacent to major streets; have water, sewer, and other necessary facilities available; and have acceptable topography (less than 20 percent slopes). These sites are also unconstrained by airport land use plans, conservation easements, and wetlands. The highest density sites are generally located near existing or future employment centers and retail sites. Further, to better ascertain the true development potential of the sites, the GIS analysis deducted areas constrained by lands zoned with the "FP" Floodplain Overlay District, since the City restricts floodplain development. Table 12 shows the total acreage of these vacant sites by size category. In summary, approximately 8,265 units can be located on the existing sites. That amount, which is a conservative number that does not assume density bonuses or the use of other City incentives, is well above the RHNA number of 4,030 units within the very low- and low-income categories. Further, the majority oflarge sites (greater than 5 acres) are located in the "RM-12" and "RM-15" zoning districts. This element utilizes the "RM-10" through "RM-30" Residential Multiple Family Districts as the basis for establishing an adequate land supply for lower-income groups. The "RM-10" District allows one residential unit per each 3,500 square feet of land area, or approximately 13 units per acre (see Table 11). Past housing elements only considered vacant lands with a density of at least 15 units per acre as meeting the density needs for the target income populations. The City believes it is appropriate to consider somewhat lesser densities, as offered by the "RM-IO" District. This is because the typical project constructed to serve lower-income populations in Redding has been November 4, 2004 . . TABLE 12 316 acres of vacant land within this zoning V ACANT SITES BY SIZE .. . : Zoning Under' #of, 0.5..1 ., #of . 1:0,'$.0 #of .. .' 5.0 #of .Total Total ,. Total District, ,0~5acre .. .Sites~ acre Sites ae~s ",' ,Si~' ~acre$ + : :'Si~s , Acres' SiteS Dwellings .. RM-10 2 acres 7 5 acres 6 23 acres 9 26 acres 2 56 acres 24 696 RM-12 2 acres 10 6 acres 8 22 acres 10 126 acres 10 156 acres 38 2,265 RM-15 1 acre 3 1 acre 1 9 acres 4 284 acres 14 295 acres 22 5,140 RM-18 - - - - - 6 acres 1 6 acres 1 117 RM-20 2 acres 5 - - - 2 acres 5 47 Total 7 acres 12 acres 54 acres 442 acres 515 acres 90 8,265 Note: Excludes "Floodplain Overlay District lands developed at relatively low densities. For example, the 80-unit "Shawdowbrook Apartments" (3- and 4-bedroom low-income development) were constructed at 8 units per acre. The 62-unit "Tree House Senior Apartments" project was built at 11 units per acre. The 64-unit "Laurel Glen" project was also developed at 11 units per acre. Only one recently approved senior citizen project exceeded these typical densities. The Mountain Vista Senior Apartments was approved at 33 units per acre (approved under the senior citizen density provisions of the Zoning Ordinance as discussed above.) ~.W~,TI~:!~:~:~~:r~ Jt;md.meds/pr ..~~~~Qfj~ei~~ ~eholds~ Sites for Special NeedS Housing. Sites included in the land inventory that can accommodate alternative and special housing needs are: ~ Mobile home parks - "RM-6" and "RM-9" zones. Approximately 687 acres are currently vacant. ~ Residential care facilities - all residential zones and the "GC" General Commercial District. ~ Transitional Housing - All "RM" zones and "GC" Districts. ~ Emergency shelters All "HC" Heavy Commercial districts. There are approximately November 4, 2004 district. ~ Second units - all residential districts and "GC" Districts that allow single-family residences. ~ Farmworker housing - all residential zones subject to the same standards as other housing. Identification of Sites Appropriate For Intensification of Use The City's downtown core area provides a significant opportunity for redevelopment to higher-density residential uses. The City has adopted a specific plan for Downtown that emphasizes mixed-use development and the introduction of higher-denSity housing opportunities. In 2003, the City approved the "Downtown 300" plan, which will. result in a concerted effort to develop at least 300 dwelling units in the Downtown area over the next several years. These would be a combination of market rate and lower- income housing units. Additionally, the General Plan classifies the Downtown area as "Mixed Use Core." This classification allows for residential densities up to 50 dwelling units per acre. Under the "Mixed Use Core" designation, residential uses could be combined with a variety of nonresidential uses within a single, multistoried building. At this density, there would be an emphasis on strong pedestrian orientation, with all amenities located conveniently within walking distance. It is anticipated that in order to achieve this denSity and optimum configuration, redevelopment of existing Downtown Housing Element 29 ~, \ / land uses would be necessary. INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS AND LIMITING FACTORS The City of Redding provides the majority of utility services to residential units within the City limits, including water, electrical service, solid waste disposal, and waste water services. A summary of the current status of these services and future capacity is provided below. Utilities to newly annexed property in the City are transitioned over time from private vendors to City services. Water. The City has owned and operated the community's primary water system since 1938. The City water utility supplies water to the majority of City residents and businesses. Portions of the City continue to be served by three independent water districts- Shasta, Bella Vista, and Centerville. Coordination between the City and the various districts is generally provided by "annexation agreements" which ensure that systems and fire flows are constructed and maintained in accordance with City of Redding standards. The principal source of supply for the City's system is the Sacramento River, with secondary reliance on a series of deep water wells and Whiskey town Lake via the Spring Creek conduit. Annual delivery capacity for City facilities is approximately 40,000 acre feet of water from all sources (sufficient to accommodate approximately 139,000 people). The City operates the system as a self-supporting utility. The City's Water Master Plan has been updated to reflect the growth projections contained in the new General Plan. The current capacity is sufficient to accommodate the level of population growth anticipated during the planning period of the Housing Element. Delivery system expansion will be dependent upon development activity and availability of funding. Electric. The City of Redding owns, operates, and maintains a power generation, transmission, and distribution system within its City limits. The City purchases or produces wholesale power and delivers it to its customers. All the power is received at three delivery points: the Western Area Power Administration's (Western) Keswick Dam 115kV switchyard, the Western/City Airport 230/115kV Substation, and the City-owned 13.8k V Redding Power Plant. Power is transmitted from these delivery points over the City-owned 115kV bulk transmission lines to the City's distribution substations. Approximately 30 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /~ . 85 percent of Redding Electric Utility customers (based on meters) are residential units. To continue to provide electric service to both current and anticipated residents and businesses at the lowest possible rates, while maintaining system reliability in an environmentally responsible manner, the City actively pursues the development of new power resources. Sufficient capacity exists to serve anticipated development through the planning period. Wastewater. The City of Redding provides all wastewater services within the City limits. The City currently relies upon two wastewater treatment facilities-Clear Creek Treatment Plant and the Stillwater Treatment Plant-for all its wastewater treatment needs. The two plants have a current combined capacity to process 12.8 million gallons of wastewater daily, or 42,200 residential household equivalents. The Clear Creek Plant has been designed for future expansion up to 19.4 million gallons per day (mgd) (8.8 mgd currently) as City growth requires additional capacity. Stillwater has been designed for future expansions to 8.0 mgd as future growth requires additional capacity. With proposed future expansions, the two systems will have sufficient capacity to accommodate population growth forecasted to occur during. the planning period. Solid Waste. Solid waste disposal services are provided by the City at competitive rates for all City residents. Shasta County has contracted with the City for the management and operation of a jointly used landfill facility. Under existing State permits, the landfill has sufficient capacity to accommodate the disposal of solid waste at least to the year 2017. In 1995, the City completed construction of a new solid waste transfer station. The facility also has the capability of processing materials collected by curbside recycling programs and contains a household hazardous waste drop-off area and temporary storage facility, a drop-off area for recyclable materials, a green waste drop-off and processing area, and a composting area. The facility is designed to operate at a 750-ton-per-day (tpd) throughput, which is the anticipated peak tonnage at approximately 20 years of operation. In 2002, the facility processed and transferred an average 0035 tons of material each day. Schools. All school districts within the City of Redding charge school fees to developers to assist with the cost of buildings and facilities to accommodate a growing November 4. 2004 . student population. School capacity will continue to be an issue throughout the planning period. Several overcrowded area school districts have attempted recent bond issues to help finance facility expansion with mixed success. Several other school districts have reported declining enrollments over the past two years. These latter districts typically are serving a student population drawn from both inside and outside the Redding Planning Area and have little new development occurring within their respective district. The City requires developers of all types of projects to contribute to the cost of providing streets; streetlighting; curb, gutter, and sidewalk improvements; parkland; and other infrastructure, such as storm drains and sewer lines, impacted by the development. Developer contributions can be in the form of impact fees or actual construction or improvement of affected infrastructure. The City also pursues all available State and Federal funds for these projects. In summary, while cost factors to provide utility services, educational services, and an adequate transportation system will continue to increase over the planning period, all these elements will have adequate capacity to serve the anticipated growth during the same period, as long as' adequate funding is available for necessary improvements and extensions. Housing afford ability is influenced by factors in both the private and public sectors. Actions by the City can have an impact on the price and availability of housing in the City. Land-use controls, such as the implementation of the City's General Plan, zoning, building code enforcement, and on- and off-site improvement requirements, as well as fees and exactions, permit processing, and other local actions intended to improve the overall quality of housing, may serve as a constraint to housing development. This chapter discusses these possible constraints to development and the actions the City will take or has taken to mitigate the negative effects. LAND USE CONTROLS General Plan The City of Redding General Plan sets forth policies applicable to nearly all development. The Community Development and Design (COD) Element of the General Plan and corresponding zoning provide for a full range of residential types and densities spread throughout the City. Each residential category of the November 4, 2004 . General Plan includes a density range (minimum and maximum densities). Within the residential categories, density ranges from 1 unit per 5 acres to 30 units per acre. Within the "Mixed Use Core" designation, residential density may be permitted up to 50 units per acre. Variations in density and private market conditions will determine the types of housing produced. Within any given General Plan density range, actual density assigned by the City's Zoning Ordinance and Zoning Map is dependent upon site characteristics and surrounding land uses. The COD Element of the General Plan contains 21 broad goals, each with specific underlying policy statements. The goals and policies, in conjunction with the Zoning Ordinance, will direct the form and substance of development activities occurring within the City over the next 20 years. Most importantly, the General Plan sets forth a number of bold goals and policies that will ensure long-term stability in the housing market in Redding. Key among these are: Goal CDD!. This goal and its corresponding policies establishes primary and secondary urban growth boundaries. The boundaries are based on the City's ability to feasibly provide services, both from physical and financial standpoints. The continuation of the "leap frog" style development of the past was determined not to be sustainable in the long term. Goal CDD2. This goal and policy set ensures that new growth will pay the cost of providing necessary public services. A number of mechanisms are addressed, but fundamentally it is acknowledged. that growth must be self sustaining if new housing and commercial development are to continue. Goal CDDlO. Under this goal, development emphasis is placed on mixed us and infill development. This will allow the City to more fully utili2:e prior infrastructure investments and will have positive impacts for transportation and air quality. Numerous other goals and policies address livability and quality of new neighborhoods and the protection and enhancement of older neighborhoods. But it is within the backdrop of sound physical and financial planning that these efforts will be successfully fulfilled. Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances Housing Element 31 ~, \, ~/ Zoning Districts The Zoning Ordinance is the City's principal tool for implementing the General Plan. Redding's Zoning Ordinance establishes four "base" residential zoning districts (three single-family and one multiple-family districts), seven office and commercial districts, two industrial districts, a "Public Facilities" District and an "Open Space" District. These zoning districts control both land use, residential density, and development standards. Table 13 depicts the City's residential zoning districts and the maximum density allowed in each, expressed in "dwelling units per acre." As noted below, there are several programs offered by the City that will allow a development to exceed the "base density" of a given zoning district. TABLE 13 ," " ' '~,. '," ,~hn,:;'Q~~it.Si ' . J~ise1?istd~t': RL-5 5 a/u RL-2 1 a/u RL 0.7 a/u RE-1 2 u/a RE-2 2 u/a RS-2 3.5 u/a RS-2.5 3.5 u/a RS-3 3.5 u/a RS-3.5 6 u/a RS-4 6 u/a RM-6 10 u/a RM-9 10 u/a RM-10 20 u/a RM-12 20 u/a RM-15 20 u/a RM-18 20 u/a RM-20 30 u/a RM-30 30 u/a Table 14 indicates those residential uses, by zoning district, that are permitted by the Zoning Ordinance, either outright or by discretionary permit. Development Standards The development standards of the Zoning Ordinance address such things as minimum lot size, building height and setbacks, usable open space, and similar development standards. These standards establish 32 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /~ ( the basic building parameters for single-family a~d multiple-family development. Table 15 illustrates the general development standards required for the various residential districts. These development standards are viewed as necessary to protect public health, safety, and welfare and maintain the quality of life, and are not considered constraints to the development of housing. In addition to those items shown in Table 15, the Zoning Ordinance also requires that off-street parking be provided for all uses, including residential projects. As it pertains to housing, the ordinance requires that two covered spaces be provided for each single-family residence. For multiple-family developments, uncovered spaces are required in the following amounts: 1.5 spaces for each one-bedroom unit; 1.75 spaces for each 2-bedroom unit; and 2 spaces for each 3-bedroom unit. One guest space for each 5 units must be provided beyond the initial 30 units. Recreational vehicle spaces must be provided, totaling at least 5 percent of the total spaces required. Parking for senior developments may be reduced by 50 percent. Given the ability to reduce both the number and size of spaces, modify building setbacks, provide open-space requirements, etc., using the tools noted below (i.e., Zoning Exceptions, Variances, and the Planned Development Overlay District), the City's parking and other development standards are not considered a constraint to development. TABLE 14 I,.' " . > _;.~:~' "": " . He' "UsECI.:AsSIFlCATION ,,' RE' RS RM GC . ~ - -~ _~ ' ~l'; _ _" - ,- - _ : . Single Family P P P - - Duplex - SI P S - Manufactured Home P P P - - Manufactured Home Park - - U S - Multiple Family - - p2 S - Group Residential (Boarding - - S - - House) Second Dwellings P P P - - Residential Care (6 or fewer) P P P S - Residential Care Facility S S S S - Transitional Housing - - S S S HomelesslEmergencv Shelters - - - - U I Only in "RS-3.5" and "RS-4" Districts 2 Up to 4 units. Five or more units require site development permit. P = Permitted use S = Requires site development permit November 4, 2004 . the City Council adopted by resolution, a set of "Design Criteria" that provides project applicants with information regarding the City's clear, yet flexible, expectations relative to the physical design of projects. The intent of this document is not to dictate design, colors, materials, etc., but to foster more attractive and liveable neighborhoods by listing basic design solutions that can lead to better projects throughout the City. The City Council recognizes the importance of gaining broad community acceptance for residential projects of all types. It is hoped that the standards and criteria will lead to such acceptance of higher-density residential projects over time, as well as providing a better living environment for those living in and adjacent to these developments. Administration of the design criteria is seamless and works within the same process as all discretionary permits. A separate design review hearing is not required, and no special design review board has been established. The body or person acting on the discretionary permit is authorized to determine whether the City's criteria have been satisfied. The City's experience is that adoption and publication of the design criteria has reduced, rather than increased, application processing times. Relief from Standards The ordinance allows administrative relief for numerous standards in the form of "zoning exceptions," "variances," and "planned developments." · Variances/Zoning Exceptions. Unlike variances which must be approved by the Planning Commission after a public hearing, zoning exceptions are administrative in nature, resulting in a streamlined approval process (approximately 20 days) for relief from a number of standards, including setbacks, required parking, height, lot size, and similar requirements that may impede otherwise acceptable development on a given property. In the years 2001 through 2003, the City approved 29 requests for Zoning Exceptions. · Planned Development Overlay District. The ordinance allows the maximum density allowed by the applicable General Plan density range to be achieved regardless of the density prescribed by the underlying zoning in districts combined with the "PD" Planned Development Overlay. Further, the "PD" overlay provides additional November 4.2004 . flexibility to allow streets with narrower right-of- ways, reduced sidewalk requirements, building setbacks, increased heights, and other modifications to standards that can serve to reduce overall development costs. Incentives for Residential Development An important tool to ensure development of adequate housing is providing a range of incentives to develop needed residential units. The following tools are included in the Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Ordinance as incentives to development and as a means to counteract any real or perceived constraints to development: . Second Units. Second units are allowed in single-family and multiple-family residential districts without discretionary review. Further, duplexes and other residential dwelling types are allowed within c;:ertain single-family zoning districts when in character with the neighborhood. Density Increase. Residential density may be doubled for affordable senior housing projects in the "RM" Residential Multiple Family Districts. This eliminates the need to use the Density Bonus provisions of the ordinance, which can add time to the approval process. . Further, maximum General Plan densities in single-family developments may be allowed if a project contains a number of amenities deigned to lead to the development of more livable and attractive neighborhoods. Using the amenity package is optional, and the items will not increase development costs when compared to the value of the additional lots. . Reduced Parking. . Parking for senior citizens' developments may be reduced by 50 percent from that required of nonsenior projects. . Net vs. Gross Density. Density in the "RM" Districts is based on a "net" rather than "gross" acreage. The ordinance factors in the density that would normally be attributable to public streets, easements, etc. For instance, this allows up to 15 units per acre to be developed in the "RM-12" District; 18 units per acre in the "RM-15" District, etc. Housing Element 33 RL RE.l ... RE.2 ... RS.2 ... RS.2.5 ... RS.3 ... RS.3.5 ... RS.4 ... RM.6 ... RM.9 ... RM.IO ... RM.12 ... RM.15 ... RM.18 ... RM.20 ... RM.30 ... Density See Schedule 18.30.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B Sec Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule . 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule 18.31.030-B See Schedule I 18.31.030-B ~ \ / ,~ TABLE 15 SUMMARY OF RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT STANDARDS I Min. Lot Area (s.f. unless noted) 1 acre 30,000 14,000 10,000 8,000 7,000 (8,000 for comer lot) 6,000 1 (7,000 for comer lot) 6,000 I (7,000 for corner lot) 10,000 I 10,000 I 10,000 1 10,000 1 10,000 1 15,000 15,000 30,000 Min. Lot Width (ft.) 150 1002 852 802 752 702 65 (70 for comer lot) 2 60 (70 for corner lot) 2 802 802 802 802 802 1002 1002 1002 iMi I n. I Lot I Depth 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 I Front I Yard Side Yard 25 20 Comer Side Rear 20 Max. Height *40 Lot COY. (%) i ! I Sky I Plane I i _ 20 15 15 15 i i 15 I I 15 I 15 I 15 I I i 15 I I 15 I 15 ! I 15 I I 15 15 15 15 FAR 35 40 25 Aggrega te 30': no side less than 10' Aggregate 30'; no side less than 10' 15 feet total; no side less than 5' 4 15 feet total; no side less than 5' 4 15 feet total; no side less than 5' 4 15 feet total; no side less than 5' 4 15 feet total: no side less than 5' 4 5: 10 for 2 or I 1 15 35 40 I I I I 40 i I I 1401 I 15 25 15 35 35 35 40 15 15 35 40 15 15 35 140 I I IS) I (5) i IS) 4506 15 15 45 ) 45 ) 4506 15 15 45 ) 45 ) IS) 4506 15 15 45 ) IS) 4506 15 more stories 15 45 ) IS) 4506 15 5; 10for2 or 50 ) : I 4500 more stories 15 5; 10 for 2 or 15 (5) 4506 more stories 5; 10 for 2 or more stories 5; 10 for 2 or more stories 5; 10 for 2 or more stories 15 15 50 ) I IS) I 15 15 Notes: * Subject to Additional Regulations. Please refer to Schedule 18.31.030-C. Lot sizes may be reduced for small-lot subdivisions in accordance with Section 18.31.050. Applies to street frontage; cul-de-sac lot width may be reduced to 35 feet; flog lots must have a minimum street frontage of 20 feet for a single flag lotj and 15 feet for each adjacent flag lot. Also, see Title 17, Subdivisions. Additional setbacks may apply. See Section 18.31.030. Except small-lot subdivisions. Please refer to Section 18.31.050. Maximum lot coverage calculations in the "RM" Districts include buildings, driveways, parking areas, and trash-enclosure areas. Schedule 18.31.030-D indicates the maximum, allowable lot coverage in each "RM" District. The sky plane establishes maximum building heights for multiple-family districts where they abut an "RL," "RE," or "RS" districts. The sky plane is represented by a line drawn at 45 degrees, originating at the common property line at ground level, extending for a horiwntal distance of 45 feet. ~ Density Bonus Ordinance. The ordinance generally follows current State law, which requires that density bonuses of at least 25 percent be available to 15 15 15 10 15 15 I 10 15 developers of both single.family and multiple-family units if: 34 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update November 4, 2004 . . Twenty (20) percent of the developed units are kept affordable for lower-income households (income less than 80 percent of the median). Ten (10) percent of the developed units are kept affordable for very low-income households (less than 50 percent of the area median). · Fifty (50) percent of the total units are set aside for senior citizens (62 years or older; 55 years or older if a senior citizen development) . . The Density Bonus Ordinance allows for the approval of additional development concessions if it is shown that the affordable project would be financially infeasible to develop without the concessions. ~ Condominium Conversion Ordinance (Municipal Code Chapter 17.50) discourages conversions in order to assist in maintaining an adequate supply of rental housing. Given the above, it can be seen that many of the provisions of the Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances were crafted to have a positive effect upon the number of dwellings constructed in Redding, including affordable multiple-family developments. The intent is also to increase overall project quality, improve accessibilit-y, and increase on-site amenities, such as open space, parking, storage, landscape, and recreational facilities. Since the standards and design criteria should not render a project economically infeasible, they would not act as a constraint to the development of this kind of unit. Further, the various provisions identified above that are intended to increase allowable denSity can serve to offset increased costs that may result from other aspects of zoning requirements or criteria. Building Code Enforcement Building construction standards in Redding are based upon the 2001 California Building Code. The City also utilizes the Uniform Plumbing Code, Housing Code, Electrical Code, and Uniform Mechanical Code and enforces Title 24 regarding accessibility and energy provisions. Generally, the City does not require stricter construction standards than are contained in these codes. However, a variety of code revisions have been implemented which address unit security, energy November 4, 2004 . conservation, fire safety; and increased structural requirements, based upon the area's winter climate. These revisions are not: considered constraints to development, since the cost factors in meeting the heightened requirements are minor. Redding does not enforce a stricter seismic code than required by State law. Over the past several years, the City has established a proactive approach to the enforcement of Building Code standards for existing dwelling units. In the past, existing units were inspttcted only when complaints were received by the City or when an owner sought a permit for additional construction. In 1998, the City amended the Municipal Code to reflect the community's desire to address the problem of blight and unsafe buildings scattered throughout the community. The Code Enforcement staff of the Building Division is I charged with the responsibility of identifying commercial and residential properties citywide that pose a serious threat to tpe health, safety, and welfare of the community and resolving the situation. Property owners are expected to comply with requests to cure identified code violations within a reasonable time frame. To the extent possible, all existing program resources are made available to interested owners to help resolve the code violation issues. Code-enforcement efforts support the stated General Plan goals of preservihg and enhancing existing neighborhoods; maintaining Redding's basic quality of life, including the availability of affordable and decent housing; and reversing the trend of deterioration in some of Redding's neighborhoods. Since 1998, the Code Enforcement Division has taken action on over 4,000 individual cases. The vast majority of these units were brought into compliance with applicable codes, resulting in improved living conditions for tenants and owners. Of those cases, less than \1'2 of 1 percent have resulted in abatement by demolition. Demolition is always a last-resort action. The City makes every effort to gain compliance without demolition and has been successful in its efforts. On- and Off-Site Improvements Redding, like most cities in California, requires developers to provide a full complement of on- and off- site improvements. The cost of these improvements is passed on to the eventual buyers or tenants in the form of higher purchase prices or increased rents. The Housing Element 35 ~. typical residential street is required to incorporate a minimum of 36 feet of pavement, curb, gutter, and 4-foot-wide sidewalks. Storm-drainage systems, fire hydrants, and sewer and electric systems must also be provided. Street widening and pedestrian amenities, however, may be modified under the provisions of the Planned Development Overlay District. Given the prevailing public sentiment to require new development to pay its own way, rather than have the existing residents pay the cost through a broader base of financial support, such as local taxes, it is unlikely that the cost burden of site improvements will markedly decrease in the near future. FEES AND EXACTIONS Various fees and assessments are charged by the City to cover the costs of processing permits and providing services and facilities, such as utilities, schools, and infrastructure. Nearly all these fees are assessed through a pro rata share system, based on the magnitude of the project's impact or on the extent of the benefit which will be derived. These fees, however, contribute to the cost of housing and may constrain the development oflower-priced units. In order to mitigate this effect on affon;iable housing projects, other programs-such as density bonuses and density increases, State and Federally funded construction programs, and tax free Mortgage Revenue Bond Financing, which all serve to greatly reduce overall production costs-are promoted by the City. Table 16 presents typical development fees associated with the construction of a single-family house of two sizes. It identifies existing fees, as well a.s programed increases, necessary to ensure that infrastructure will be available to accommodate long-term growth in the community. Similarly, Table 17 summarizes the typical development fees associated with the construction of a fourplex. The fees include various building permits and plan check fees, development fees, water and sewer fees, traffic impact fees, and school impact fees. Fees collected on zoning and subdivision applications presently do not cover staff costs for processing the application and are subsidized by the City's General Fund by approximately 85 percent. Building fees represent the estimated cost of service for processing, plan check, inspection, etc. In addition to building and development fees, zoning, and subdivision application fees, subdividers are required to dedicate land to be 36 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ;~, developed into neighborhood parks or pay a per-unit fee in lieu thereof (or both) as a condition of approval of a final map or parcel map (Municipal Code 17.42). PROCESSING AND PERMIT PROCEDURES Development within the City of Redding is subject to a review process overseen by the City's Development Services Department. Some form of discretionary approval (tentative subdivision map, site development permit, use permit, variance, etc.) must be obtained prior to initiation of many construction activities. Historically, residential development proposals are approved at the requested density level, provided the request is consistent with the site's General Plan land use classification and zoning. The City is seeing increasing interest in the development of projects at the highest density allowed by the property's General Plan density range under the authority of the Planned Development Overlay District and the "Density Increase" provisions of Section 18.31.040 of the Zoning Ordinance as discussed above. The review process in Redding is governed by four levels of decision-making authority: City Council, Planning Commission, Board of Administrative Review, and the Development Services Director. In order to expedite the processing of routine and simple discretionary permits (i.e., site development permits and zoning exceptions), the City has utilized an administrative permit procedure for the past 13 years. These permits may be processed and approved by the Development Services Director, instead of the Board of Administrative Review or Planning Commission, and do not require a public hearing. Approval typically can be obtained in 2 to 4 weeks. Appendix "A" addresses the processing requirements and procedures for these discretionary permits. Appendix "B" lists the application fees in effect on December 31, 2003, for such permits. Residential developments up to 4 dwelling units are considered to be ministerial in nature, and no discretionary permit is required. To ensure that larger developments conform not only to the regulations of the Zoning Ordinance but also address the above-noted "Design Criteria," a site development permit is required for developments that exceed this threshold. The Board of Administrative Review is the hearing body for these projects, resulting in faster approval than would be required at the Planning Commission level. November 4. 2004 . . It should be noted that the City's practice has been to handle permits expeditiously. The permit process is not used to disallow residential uses, rather to provide a process whereby residential uses can be facilitated in a manner that will result in projects that are compatible with surrounding land uses. The vast majority of commercial/industrial uses also require that a site development permit be obtained for the same reason. It is important to note that a site development permit pertains to how a site is developed. The uses subject to these permits are not in question. The process is the same for all uses requiring a site development permit. Therefore, the process does not unduly constrain the development of residential uses. Most permits can be approved in 2 to 4 weeks, although larger, more complicated projects may take up to 4 months. If an environmental impact report (EIR) November 4, 2004 . or other study is required, the time frame is considerably longer. This processing time is well within the time limits established by the Permit Streamlining Act (Public Resources Code Section 21100, et seq.) The City Building Division has established a 2-week turnaround for processing building permits that do not require engineering review. This typically applies to single-family dwelling units. Where engineering review is necessary, as is the case for most multiple-family development, a 4-week review period is generally required. Approximately 90 percent of permit requests were processed within the allotted time. Due to the City's efforts to expedite the approval process, it is not felt that the amount of time necessary for processing applications and following existing permit procedures is a constraint to development. 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Lri o co N c'l ~ Lri o ~ ri .... co cO co ~ ci N ~ c'l M" 00 ,0 co '0) .... ,~ 10 o ...t ..... M ,..: ..... ~ c'l M ...t N ,... N o M cO o M ri ~ o Lri (b N .... C'o! ....' &j <D .... ~ o o M co ..... .0 ..... ~ o o o ..... N ri o o ~, 10 'N " U III Q. .E '0 ...J o c( .J:: to- U 0 U) to- November 4, 2004 . . TABLE 17 "~~~$.~~~tl;S~"F~::; . x $75 i..}':f~:;;~FEES~ ';~',': Permit Building Plan check Electrical Mechanical Plumbing SMIP/Micro Film Fire Plan Check Fire Sprinkler SUBTOTAL $ 1,626 1,057 200 186 453 47 308 148 $ 4,023 Development Fire Facilities Electric Storm Drain Parks Traffic SUBTOTAL $ 225 500 795 4,453 5,516 $11,489 Water and Sewer Water Meter Water Connect Sewer Connect Sewer Tap Other SUBTOTAL $ 806 9,943 8,397 153 525 , $19,823 School School SUBTOTAL TOTAL $ 8,560 $ 8,560 $ 43.895 Source: Development Services Department - Building Division. January 15, 2004 November 4. 2004 Housing Element 39 ;-, CONSTRAINTS-PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES Constraints on Housing for Persons with Disabilities Under Senate Bill (SB) 520, which became effective January 1, 2002, a housing element is required to analyze potential and actual constraints upon the development, maintenance, and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities and to demonstrate local efforts to remove governmental constraints that hinder the locality from meeting the need for housing for persons with disabilities (California Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)). In accordance with the provisions of SB 520, the following section analyzes constraints on housing for persons with disabilities. Constraints for Persons with Disabilities due to Zoning and Land Use Actual and Potential Constraints Constraints can take many forms, including inflexibility within zoning and land use regulations, unduly restrictive permit processing or procedures, and outdated building codes. The City's analysis of actual and potential governmental constraints in each of these areas is discussed below. Zoning and Land Use In general, the land use and zoning regulations of the City support reasonable accommodations for the disabled. The City allows group homes consistent with the Community Care Facilities Act, serving 6 or fewer persons, regardless of age, in all residential zones. Group homes for more than 6 persons (also known as residential care facilities), also unrestricted by age, are permitted with a site development permit in all residential districts. There are no specific standards in the zoning regulations requiring a particular distance between group homes; however, concentrations of such facilities in anyone neighborhood or area could be a consideration during permitting. Additionally, no specific parking standards are prescribed within the jurisdiction. The number of parking spaces required is assessed during the site development permit review process and varies depending on the nature of the facility's clients. The definition of "family" under the zoning regulations does not restrict those living in a residence to 40 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~ occupants related by blood or mamage and' is consistent with Fair Housing Law. The zoning regulations control the location of stairs and similar architectural features, while providing a limited exception for setback encroachments. This exception would allow the architectural feature to encroach not more than 6 feet into a front or rear yard and not more than 2 feet into a side yard. It is possible that this regulation could pose a constraint to the construction of a ramp or other facility (e.g., wheelchair lift) necessary for access to a home occupied by a disabled person with mobility limitations. The Element will address this potential constraint by including in the Action Program that the Zoning Ordinance be amended to exempt the construction of ramps for disabled persons from zoning setback provisions where it is the only feasible design and provides a "reasonable accommodation" consistent with the Americans With Disabilities Act. Pennits and Processing The permit process to retrofit a building to add ramps or other changes to remove architectural barriers to access by a disabled person (e.g., widen doorways, modify bathroom facilities, and redesign kitchen sinks and countertops) is the same as for other building alterations-an application for a building permit is required; plans may be necessary depending on the scope of the work; and the construction is inspected for conformance with the building regulations. As noted in the preceding discussion, ramps and other changes to the building or structure could require a showing of conformance with zoning, including setback requirements . Also, as previously noted, group homes for more than 6 persons will require the proponent of the facility to obtain a site development permit. This is a discretionary permit process and requires a showing that the proposal conforms to the General Plan; is consistent with the zoning regulations. including development standards; and is not detrimental to public health, safety, or welfare. Environmental review under provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) may also be required. While this process does subject the project to neighborhood review and involves some added time and expense, the permitting process is a legitimate and necessary function of local government. To ensure that such developments proceed smoothly through the approval November 4. 2004 . process, the City works closely with project proponents to encourage development of a project that anticipates and addresses-through scale and operational controls-all legitimate neighborhood concerns up-front. Building Codes and Regulations The City has adopted and follows the 2001 Uniform Building Code and follows State accessibility standards and guidance regarding ADA compliance. The City has developed and implemented several programs to assist those with accessibility problems. These include: 1. Express Permit Program. This program gives permit priority to projects needed to provide accessibility to a building (commercial or residential). Permits are issued within 7 days. Nooember 4, 2004 . 2. Building Inspections. Building inspectors are available at no chCirge to visit sites and make recommendations on how access problems can be resolved. . 3. Complaint Action. If accessibility complaints are received, a building inspector is dispatched to work with the property owner to achieve compliance with accessibility laws. 4. Consultation on Demand. Questions regarding accessibility are given priority at the Permit Center, which makes staff available to answer accessibility questions. Housing Element 41 /-'. NONGOVERN:MENT AL CONSTRAINTS TO MAINTENANCE, IMPROVE:MENT, AND DEVELOP:MENT OF HOUSING Nongovernmental or "market" constraints are those factors which limit the availability and affordability of housing, but over which the local government has little or no control. State law requires that the Housing Element contain a general analysis of these constraints as a basis for possible actions by the local government to offset the effect of these constraints. The three market factors which directly affect the availability and cost of housing in Redding are the price of land, the cost of construction, and the availability of financing. PRICE OF LAND r-", COST OF CONSTRUCTION The cost of construction is comprised of four major components: fees, material, labor, and financing. Of these, material and labor costs make up the bulk of the development cost, followed by fees and financing costs. However, other factors also affect the cost of building. These include type of construction, custom versus tract development, site conditions, finishing details, amenities, square footage, and structural configuration. These factors create a wide variation in construction costs from as little as $75 per square foot to as much as $125 per square foot or more. Table 18 illustrates the typical construction costs for various-sized homes in the City of Redding. These same development factors would affect development of multiple-family units as well. TABLE 18 COST OF CONSTRUCTION IN REDDING Residential land prices within the City of Redding vary considerably depending upon several factors. The primary factors are: (1) the specific location of the property, (2) the availability of utility services to the property, (3) the topography of the property, and (4) the existence of adequate paved access. :j.:~~;.;:~:~j\~;~;. ',~ :{:' ??~\:.~"~~~ -'r~ "- '::'(" .::: ".,.: \:~~<<':~:.:',-' , ":: ';AVERAGE . . ,HIGH QUALI'tY ~;B~s'!~>CoNS:r~;d~6N', ; . ' - ',":';,"' . . '.' ,;'CONSTRUC'tI.oN ,CON~UCTION ,"i.~,~; :. ..," ',',,, ,~.':!.f,".-.:~~-.'" ','" ,",.. ,,'-; ., ',"_.' :.., .; " -'" ',.:~ :,.";',:: ' '. '.."',. r>.;:'.. j , ',' ; J ' ,'.~, , . 'Tract ......... h":", 'Tract J ,'." C~tOin Custom Tract ' Custom ...<:Home ' . Hmrte .-Home.' -Home Home Home . , . y~' , Cost/sq ft $75-80 $85-90 $90-95 $95-105 $100-115 $115-125 1,200 sq ft $90,000- $102,000- $108,000- $114,000- $120,000- $138,000- 96,000 108,000 114,000 126,000 138,000 150,000 1,700 sq ft $90,000- $144,500- $153,000- $161,500- $170,000- $195,000- 136,000 153,000 161,500 178,500 195,500 212,000 2,000 sq ft $150,000- $170,000- $170,000- $190,000- $200,000- $230,000- 160,000 180,000 190,000 210,000 230,000 250,000 Source: City of Redding, December 2003 Based on listings of land for sale in the Redding area, the cost can vary from $4 to $10 per square foot. According to local realtors, an average 10,000-square-foot finished residential lot generally sells for $65,000 to $95,000, although some locations and developments command even higher prices. Based on information obtained from a local appraiser familiar with the multiple-family market in Redding, it is estimated that multiple-family land is valued at approximately $5,000 to 20,000 per dwelling unit, depending on the number of units that can be constructed on a given property. The cost per unit declines as the unit count increases. 42 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update AVAILABILITY OF FINANCING According to the Shasta County Board of Realtors, competitive financing is generally available for properties within the City of Redding, regardless of location, for both residential construction projects and home purchase. They report that there is no indication of discriminatory lending practices based on property location within the City limits. The interest rates for financing the cost of construction, as well as for long- term home financing, have widely fluctuated over the November 4, 2004 . . past 15 years. From 17-18 percent during the 1980s to the dramatically low rates (5.5 to 6.5 percent) of the past 18 months, this single factor plays a major role in the afford ability of housing. In the previous section on Housing Cost, the effect various interest rates have on the ability oflow- and moderate-income households to purchase a home is explored. Financing for remodeling or rehabilitation of existing structures is also reported by the Board of Realtors and local lenders to be readily available to qualified borrowers throughout the city. Commercial lenders offer home equity loans at a slightly higher interest rate by a second (or greater) mortgage. Standard factors November 4, 2004 tJ) taken into consideration for this type of loan are: (1) existing equity in th~ property and (2) ability of the loan recipient to repay the increased debt. Many older homes in need of repair are owned by lower-income families. These families, in many instances, have a difficult time meeting commercial lenders' debt-to- value criteria, as well as having difficulty meeting the income requirements necessary for repayment of the loan. In order to mitigate this constraint, the City offers a variety of rehabilitation loan programs to assist the lower-income homeowner with necessary repairs. The funding sources for these programs include local redevelopment funds, CDBG, and HOME funds. Housing Element 43 /-, ENERGY CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES Redding Electric Utility (REU) provides virtually all the electricity supplied to customers within the Redding city limits; a very small number of customers are served by Pacific Gas & Electric Company. The City electric load has grown quite rapidly in the last few years. In the summer of 2003, REU recorded an all-time peak demand of 245 megawatts (MWs)j this represents an increase of 8 percent over the previous peak of 227 MWs recorded in 2002. Over the last few years, due to high growth and an uncertain energy situation in California, the necessity to use energy efficiently and wisely and the development and promotion of renewable energy have become top priorities. In response, REU has developed and implemented a number of highly successful energy- 44 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /~, \ efficiency and renewable programs. These programs ~re collectively promoted under the Vantage brand. Vantage programs promote energy efficiency and renewable technologies and have been extremely successful in saving energy, reducing peak demands, increasing residential customer comfort, increasing business customer productivity, and promoting solar power and ground source heat pump technologies. Vantage programs include the highly successful Kool Vantage program, designed to encourage customers to install highly efficient air-conditioning units; the Energy Star program, offering customers rebates for purchasing efficient appliances, weatherization rebates designed to encourage customers to incorporate insulation and other energy-efficiency technologies in their home or business, and lighting rebates designed mainly for commercial customers-lighting retrofits can produce considerable savings and have quick paybacks-lawnmower rebates, pumps and motor rebates, and aggressive rebates for the installation of renewable-energy-production technologies. November 4. 2004 . PROGRAM/ACTIVITY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1999-2003 This section presents a summary of activities and accomplishments that occurred under various programs during the period 1999 through 2003. GOAL HI: PRESERVE AND IMPROVE THE EXISTING HOUSING STOCK 1.1 ACTIVITY: Complete moderate/ substantial rehabilitation on 44 single,family homes per year in the community. Accomplishments: During the reporting period, 9.4 single-family homes were rehabilitated per year. The previous target goal of 44 per year was a figure derived from production activities duting the mid- 1990s, when the City had two vigorous housing programs in place (one to address median- and moderate-income family needs and the other focused on reducing a high revolving loan fund balance). It would be appropriate to establish a new target goal for the next reporting period at 15 units per year based on the current annual funding level and diversification of activities and incentives for target neighborhoods. Proposed Changes: The Housing Division has developed additional incentives for those projects that are located within an identified targeted neighborhood. These incentives include flexible financing terms and paint/infrastructure grants. A description of the Incentive Package is included in the 2003--2008 Action Program under Activity 4.3. 1.2 ACTIVITY: Complete moderate/substantial rehabilitation on 30 rental units per year in the community. Accomplishments: During the reporting period, 21.4 rental units were rehabilitated per year. Of the participating landlords, 83 percent are also participating on the Section 8 Rental Assistance Program. The original target goal was not accomplished because the figure was based on production numbers associated with the Federal Rental Rehabilitation Program, which averaged 46.6 units per year over a ten-year period. November 4,2004 . Based on the City's current primary funding relationship with the Federal Home Investment Partnerships Program (HOME), it would be appropriate to establish a 20-unit-per-year goal. This action is consistent with the City's Consolidated Plan goal structure. Proposed Changes: Additional incentives have been developed for those projects located within the identified target neighb9rhoods, projects that provide longer affordability covenants, projects that contain units to be occupied by identified special population groups, or projects that provide other types of increased public benefit. 1.3 ACTIVITY: Complete minor rehabilitation on 15 units per year (Emergency Repair Program) . Accomplishments: During the reporting period, 9.4 Emergency Repair Program units have been completed annually. : Based on annual funding I availability, the original projection of 15 units per year should be modified to 8. 1.4 ACTIVITY: Develop incentives to encourage compliance with code enforcement efforts. Accomplishments: In 2003, the Redding Redevelopment Agency (Agency) approved funding in the amount of $60,000 to support a focused code enforcement activity within the Parkview and MLK, Jr. target neighborhoods. The City provided a similar amount in CDBG funding for the 2,year pilot effort. Both the Parkview and MLK, Jr. Neighborhood Revitalization Plans identified code enforcement as an essential tool that was needed to address each neighborhood's blighted housing conditions. Code Enforcement staff work closely with City Housing Division staff to ensure that all cited property owners have information on and access to housing funding to assist them in making necessary repairs to bring their properties into compliance. A package of unique housing incentives described under 2003-2008 Action Plan Activity 4.3 has been made available only in the target neighborhoods. These incentives feature a combination of below-market interest rate loans, forgivable loans/grants, and flexible amortization to provide incentives to owners to participate in the neighborhood revitalization efforts. I Housing Element 45 ,~ 1.5 ACTIVITY: Conserve 94 units of single, room occupancy (SRO) housing in Hotel Redding. Accomplishments: In June 2001, after over 12 months of feasibility analysis, the City, in conjunction with the Agency, assisted Christian Church Homes, Inc. (CCH) in purchasing the historic Hotel Redding and beginning the process of converting the aging 94-unit SRO hotel into 48 units of affordable rental housing for the low- income elderly. Following acquisition by CCH, all the existing tenants were provided relocation assistance and given first priority to return to the hotel upon completion of the renovation. Construction began in February 2002 with the hotel's grand re,opening held in March 2003. The renovated hotel consists of 6 studio apartments, 36 one, bedroom units, 6 two- bedroom units, and a manager's unit. Each apartment has a full kitchen, dining area, and a living area in addition to bedrooms. Total project costs were $ 7.4 million, of which the Agency funded $1.9 million for acquisition, relocation, and development. The City, through its HOME program, provided $700,000. The Federal Home Loan Bank's Affordable Housing Program awarded the project $150,000. The balance of funds was from the State Tax Credit Program. Affordability restrictions have been recorded on all units for a minimum 55 years. 1.6 ACTIVITY: Conserve 58 affordable at,risk rental units. Accomplishments: The 58 units identified at-risk in the Housing Element were linked to the Redding Housing Authority's (RHA) Moderate Rehabilitation Program. Since January 1999, 34 of those units. have been converted to Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers, which are tenant-based. The remaining 24 units are located at one project site. The owner has full intention to continue participation in the Moderate Rehabilitation Program as long as the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) offers extensions to this contract. In August 2001, a previously identified at-risk site-Redding Gardens Cooperative--decided to opt out of its contract with HUD. Although at the time of the opt-out only 16 households participated in its program, the RHA received 48 additional vouchers. The first 16 were utilized at the site to conserve the household's affordable rent structure. The balance was used by households on the RHA's waiting list. In late 2002, in a complex structuring of a rehabilitation project, the 46 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ,/~.- ''\, , Heritage Plaza complex terminated its Rent Supplement Program. The RHA received an additional 100 vouchers to preserve the household's rent portion. In summary, the RHA is administering an additional 182 vouchers which conserve affordable rents. The RHA's portfolio of 1,502 Housing Choice Vouchers, along with 24 Moderate Rehabilitation project-based subsidies, will continue to be utilized as the main resource in conserving affordable units in the community. GOAL H2: F ACILIT ATE THE CREATION OF NEW AFFORDABLE HOUSING OPPORTUNITIES. 2.1 ACTIVITY: Facilitate the construction of a minimum of 20 affordable housing units per year through revisions to the Density Bonus Ordinance. Accomplishments: In 2001, the Density Bonus Ordinance was modified to recognize the overlap with various other housing programs, particularly those that have been approved for funding through various State and Federal programs (i.e., tax credit programs and HUD 202 programs). To facilitate density bonuses, such projects need not make an application under the Density Bonus Ordinance, providing that projects meet the basic standards and development criteria of the City. The benefits of this change include significantly reduced project processing time and significantly less administrative burden for project developers and City staff. Currently, a 43-unit senior HUD 202 affordable project is requesting approval for a 300 percent density increase for the project. It is anticipated that over the planning period as fewer large sites are available, density increases will be requested on a more regular basis. 2.2 ACTIVITY: Facilitate the development of 50 new units of multiple,family housing affordable to lower and moderate,income households annually. Accomplishments: In December 1998, the Redding Redevelopment Agency approved a set of standards, qualifications, and criteria to be used when it considers requests for mortgage or construction loans to finance new affordable multiple-family development. The types of assistance able to be provided under this program include pre development loans, land purchase loans, construction loans, and permanent long-term loans. It NovembeT 4, 2004 . is the Agency's goal to help facilitate the development of affordable housing through the provision of "gap" or "bridge" financing. Four multiple-family projects, with a total of 155 units, have been constructed over the past four years, utilizing a mix of public and private sources of financing. Of these units, 153 are set aside for occupancy by lower-income households at affordable rates for a minimum of 40 years. In addition, the City of Redding was successful in securing $3.5 million in State-administered HOME funds for program year 2003 for a proposed 30-unit multiple-family rental project to be constructed on Linden Avenue in the Martin Luther King, Jr., neighborhood with a 55-year afford ability commitment. The project will be developed by Community Housing Improvement Program, Inc., a nonprofit organization. In conclusion, during the reporting period, a yearly average of 47.4 affordable housing units were constructed. Although the previously stated goal of 50 new units per year was not met, based on the fact that there are currently over 140 new affordable units in the development pipeline, it is reasonable to maintain an annual production goal of 50 units per year. 2.3 ACTIVITY: Establish partnerships with nonprofit housing providers to collectively provide 50 units of affordable housing annually. Accomplishments: As stated in Activity 2.2 above, during the last reporting period, the City collaborated with six different nonprofit housing developers to provide 237 (47.4 per year) additional affordable units in the community. 2.4 ACTIVITY: Serve an additional 35 households under the Section 8 Rental Assistance Program each year. Accomplishments: Since January 1999, the RHA has received three additional sources of funding. The RHA's portfolio was increased by an allocation of 25, which HUD issued as an adjustment. In October 1999, the RHA received 19 vouchers and 25 certificates which were targeted to meet the housing needs of persons with disabilities. The third allocation also was earmarked for a special-need population, aged-out foster youth. After the initial demonstration period, these 84 vouchers will be available to meet housing November 4, 2004 . needs of those households currently on the RHA's waiting list. Due to changes in HUD's competitive application process, the RHA does not anticipate the submission of an application for additional housing choice vouchers. However, as in the past, the RHA would respond to HUD's request to administer additional vouchers in the event of a current project- based site, opting out of its HUD contractual obligations. GOALH3: SUPPORT CREATIVE REUSE OF EXISTING FACILITIES AND LAND. 3.1 ACTIVITY: Stimulate additional private investment on targeted neighborhoods through the identification of vacant land and sites for reuse. Accomplishments: As part of its neighborhood revitalization effort, the Redding Redevelopment Agency developed revitalization plans for three neighborhoods during the planning period. These include: the Downtown (the Downtown Specific Plan adopted January 2001); the Parkview Neighborhood (the Park view Neighborhood Strategic Revitalization Plan adopted January 2001); and the Martin Luther King, Jr. Neighborhood (the MLK, Jr. Neighborhood Revitalization Plan adopted February 2003). Each of these plans contains an inventory of vacant land and a discussion of sites that may be suitable for redevelopment. GOAL H4: ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF LIFE WITHIN RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS. 4.1 ACTIVITY: Assist 45 low- to moderate- income, first-time home buyers purchase homes per year. Accomplishments: During the reporting period, a total of 56 first-time homebuyers were assisted. Trending analysis confirms that it would be appropriate to revise the new 5-year goal to assist 12 homebuyers per year, primarily based on the reduced availability of affordable homes in the community. Proposed Changes: It is anticipated that over the planning period, greater emphasis will be given to providing assistance to lower-income households. Neighborhood revitalization efforts will emphasize increasing homeownership opportunities within the targeted neighborhoods. . Housing Element 47 ~ 4.2 ACTIVITY: Develop master plans for the Parkview and Martin Luther King Jr. neighborhoods. Accomplishments: Neighborhood revitalization plans were completed for the Parkview Neighborhood in January 2001 and the MLK, Jr. Neighborhood in February 2003. GOAL H5: ACT AS A CATALYST FOR INCREASED PRIVATE INvESTMENT IN TIlE COMMUNITY. 5.1 ACTIVITY: Support neighborhood revitalization efforts through the participation of 6 to 10 Section 8 landlords annually. Accomplishments: It was the intent of RHA staff, together with Code Enforcement staff, to develop standards which would exceed HUD's housing quality standards (HQS) for Section 8 rental units located in neighborhoods targeted for revitalization. Housing and Code Enforcement staff met numerous times in an attempt to develop these standards, which were referred to as the HQS Plus Program. After careful consideration, it was decided that the owner-investor incentives developecl in the Rental Renaissance Program would adequately serve all landlords, including those Section 8 participants, rather than develop a separate set of inducements for the proposed HQS Plus Program. To date, participation figures for the Rental Renaissance Program developed for the incentive package offered in target neighborhoods (described previously under Activity 1.2) clearly demonstrate active participation by Section 8 landlords, along with other rental investment owners, to upgrade their properties. 5.2 ACTIVITY: Acquire, assemble, and develop key parcels in the Parkview Neighborhood and other target neighborhoods needed to implement the master plan(s). Accomplishments: Parkview. In January 2003, the Agency completed the acquisition of 28 parcels of land totaling over 17 acres within the Parkview Neighborhood. These properties were identified as key to the revitalization activities and will be utilized for several important projects in the Neighborhood, including two new single-family subdivisions and a mixed-use project along 48 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update .~ the frontage of Park view Avenue. It is anticipated that development of these projects will occur over 1-3 years and will result in the construction of approximately 86 dwellings. MLK, Jr. In January 2004, the City acquired 4 vacant parcels, totaling 1.85 acres in the southern portion of the neighborhood. It is anticipated that these parcels will be merged and re-subdivided to accommodate the development of 4-6 new single-family homes for purchase by lower-income homeowners. A request for proposals will be circulated to assist in the selection of a developer interested in partnering with the City on this project. Downtown. In October 2003, following a competitive Request for Qualifications process, the Redding Redevelopment Agency selected LINC Housing, Inc. to identify sites in the Downtown area that are available for residential development and to conduct an economic and financial feasibility analysis on the same. The LINC study is anticipated to be completed in mid-2004. It is anticipated that acquisition and development of the most likely sites will occur during the upcoming planning period. GOAL H6: IDENTIFY AND ADDRESS TIlE HOUSING NEEDS OF SPECIAL POPULATION GROUPS WITIIIN TIlE COMMUNITY. 6.1 ACTIVITY: Educate the public about fair housing law, including antidiscrimination regulations. Accomplishments: Since 1998, it has been the policy of the City to maintain and support educational outreach to the public, real estate, and lending and property management companies in the promotion of fair housing activities and the reduction of impediments to fair housing choice. Outreach activities include public- service announcements, referral services, display booths at local exhibitions, public notices, provision of website information, and co-partnership with Legal Services of Northern California (LSNC) for annual fair housing workshops. 6.2 ACTIVITY: Assist in the provision of shelter and services to the area's homeless population. Accomplishments: Initiated in 1999, the local Continuum of Care Council (CoCC) , comprised of area November 4. 2004 . providers of services to the homeless population, meets on a regular basis to coordinate and collaborate in the provision of homeless services throughout the community. Key responsibilities include prevention and outreach, emergency shelter services, transitional housing, healthcare and assessment, case management and supportive services, access to mainstream resources, and the development of permanent supportive housing. The CoCC facilitates year-round planning, coordination of services, access to funding resources, and ongoing data collection and survey information to evaluate local performance. Activities continue to flourish and establish a base for the local CoCC in addressing both chronic homelessness and other priority areas. In the past year, the local CoCC has taken the following specific actions to address homelessness: ~ Faith WORKs was awarded $424,624 in HUD SHP funds and $1 million in local redevelopment dollars to construct 12 new transitional housing units for homeless families with children. ~ Consistent with HUD's goal to promote census capacity and tracking of clients, CoCC completed a one-year survey for calendar year 2003 to obtain an unduplicated count with demographic information of homeless and "at-risk" households in the community. ~ Completed development of a CoC website which has been online since June 2002, offering local homeless service information. This and other information is shared with other Continuum jurisdictions up and down the California north valley. ~ Increased CoCC membership from 16 to 24 members, representing a wide cross section of the community. New members include representation from health services, the educational community, restorative justice, and a neighborhood-based organization. ~ Completed an annual community needs assessment in February 2004. Homeless service providers, local agencies, and the public-at-Iarge were invited and asked for input regarding homelessness issues-in particular, a prioritization of community needs for funding availability. November 4, 2004 . ~ Funding from the City of Redding and Shasta County was provided to assist the People of Progress organization with purchase of software and scanning equipment for the CoC survey data collection process. ~ Updated the data collection system for greater efficiency by converting from computer hand-entry to scanning software, including expanded information from the survey form. ~ The People of Progress was funded with $15,000 in CDBO funds to provide for emergency assistance to homeless persons to help pay overdue rent and utility bills. ~ Veterans Recovery Project was awarded $10,000 in CDBO funds to assist with computer training for homeless veterans residing at the new transitional housing site. ~ Shasta County Women's Refuge Shelter Facility received $36,823 in CDBO funds to help shelter battered and abused spouses and their children. ~ The Family Service Agency received $25,000 to help with basic support for runaway youth, homeless youth, and youth in crisis. 6.3 ACTIVITY: Continue to provide rental assistance to persons with mental, developmental, or physical disabilities to enable them to live independently in the community. Accomplishments: As mentioned earlier, the RHA was successful in a competitive process which resulted in the receipt of 34 additional vouchers and certificates targeted to meet the housing needs of persons with disabilities. Due to changes in the application process, the RHA has not submitted additional applications for funding. However, the housing options for the elderly and disabled members of our community have been augmented by the continuing efforts of the City and the Agency in partnership with nonprofit organizations in developing several projects utilizing HUD primary construction resources as well as local funding. Whispering Oaks (a lO-unit site) and Della Williams (a 21-unit complex) provide housing for adults with severe and persistent mental illness. A 17 -unit complex, Wilshire Place, houses developmentally disabled adults. Housing Element 49 ,~ 6.4 ACTIVITY: Secure project~based subsidies for a to~be~developed affordable housing project to ensure continued affordability of housing to the frail elderly population. Accomplishments: It was anticipated that in 1999, at the conclusion of the HOPE for Elderly Independence, the RHA would help to secure project~based subsidies to ensure continued affordability to the frail elderly population. The project~based assistance would be in addition to those families already assisted, since only the supportive service component was eliminated, not the rental assistance. However, as negotiations moved forward with a local nonprofit, the addition of project- based subsidies to the tax-credit project site was deemed not feasible. The nonprofit did complete its project and continues to provide affordable housing for 24 frail elderly households. 50 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~ GOALH7: PROMOTE ACHIEVEMENT OF ECONOMic SELF~SUFFICIENCY FOR ALL PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS. 7.1 ACTIVITY: Assist all participants to achieve the highest possible level of self~sufficiency and economic independence. Accomplishments: Since the last update of the Housing Element, the Family Self-Sufficiency Program (FSS) has undergone one major change. HUD issued regulations allowing a housing authority to reduce its program by the number of each successful graduate. The RHA top enrollment into the Program was 94. Due to the number of successful graduates, the RHA will continue to maintain a program of at least 50 participants for the foreseeable future. The FSS Program continues to be the best path to ensure a level of self-sufficiency. Program participants continue to attend workshops and meetings which provide information for self- development. These supportive services, coupled with funds earned in their individual escrow accounts, help ensure success. During the period of January 1999 through December 2003, $189,000 has been dispersed to successful FSS graduates. November 4, 2004 . . ,~' -' GOALS AND POLICIES Housing Element Law requires that a community set forth in the housing element a statement of its goals and policies relative to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing. This section identifies seven primary goals and related policies. These goals and policies will serve to guide the actions of the City of Redding over the next planning period in regard to its identified housing needs. GOAL PRESERVE AND IMPROVE THE EXISTING HOUSING STOCK H1 - Policies to achieve this goal are to: HIA. Encourage the private rehabilitation of housing. HIB. Develop and maintain effective housing rehabilitation programs funded through Federal, State, and local funding sources. HIe. Support effective code enforcement activities in existing residential neighborhoods. - GOAL FACILITATE THE CREATION OF NEW AFFORDABLE HOUSING OPPORTUNITIES H2 Policies to achieve this goal are to: H2A. Develop and maintain efficient and effective Rental Assistance Programs. H2B. Develop and maintain funding sources for new affordable housing development. November 4. 2004 . H2e. In accordance with State law, provide density bonuses and other incentives as cost-saving development concessions to encourage the private development of affordable housing. H2D. Develop working partnerships with other community providers of housing services in order to increase affordable housing opportunities. H2E. Develop and maintain funding programs that are responsive to identified community housing needs. H2F. Ensure that adequate residentially classified lands at all density levels are identified on the General Plan Diagram and zoned appropriately to meet existing and projected housing needs. H2G. Continue to permit "second dwellings" as a viable means of providing affordable housing. H2H. Promote infill development where adequate public services exist. GOAL SUPPORT CREATIVE REUSE OF EXISTING FACILITIES AND LAND . H3 Policies to achieve this goal are to: H3A. Support opportunities and partnerships that leverage outside resources along with public funds to accomplish reuse/redevelopment. H3B. Develop, maintain, and periodically update an inventory of existing structures, as well as vacant or underutilized land which would be appropriate for. specialized residential uses (i.e., shelters, group homes, etc.). H3e. Use redevelopment powers or appropriate mechanisms to acquire assemble sites for residential purposes. other and/or Housing Element 5 I ~ GOAL ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF LIFE WITHIN RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS H4 Policies to achieve this goal are to: H4A. Promote and encourage homeownership for all income levels and utilize available Federal, State, and local resources to achieve this end. H4B. Support neighborhood-based efforts such as community-oriented policing, neighborhood clean-up drives, and watch programs. H4C. Develop and maintain programs that support the development of culturally diverse, integrated, safe, healthy, and attractive neighborhoods. H4D. Develop neighborhood strategic plans for target neighborhoods. H4E. Implement comprehensive redevelopment programs for each target neighborhood using the strategic plans as framework. GOAL ACT AS A CATALYST FOR INCREASED PRIV ATE INVESTMENT IN THE COMMUNITY H5 Policies to achieve this goal are to: HSA. Identify opportumtles for new private investment in targeted neighborhoods. HSB. Encourage and promote the development of projects that leverage housing funds into needed public improvements and infrastructure. Where feasible, these efforts should help facilitate mixed-use and economic development objectives of the General Plan. HSC. Develop incentive package for landlords participating in the Section 8 program to encourage unit upgrade and ongoing high- quality maintenance of Section 8 rental units. 52 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~', IDENTIFY AND ADDRESS THE HOUSING NEEDS OF SPECIAL POPULATION GROUPS WITHIN THE COMMUNITY GOAL H6 Policies to achieve this goal are to: H6A. Develop and maintain programs that ensure a wide range of housing choices to all in the community. H6B. Develop and maintain effective linkages with community service providers to special populations. GOAL PROMOTE ACHIEVEMENT OF ECONOMIC SELF-SUFFICIENCY FOR ALL PROGRAM P ARTICIP ANTS H7 Policies to achieve this goal are to: H7 A. Support program efforts that assist in the elimination of barriers to economic self- sufficiency. H7B. Support program efforts that are "hand-up" rather than "hand-out" oriented. GOAL H8 Maintain the affordability of rental housing occupied by lower,income households. H8A. Work with owners of subsidized rental housing and nonprofit organizations to maintain the affordability of such housing to low-income occupants. H8B. Maintain the afford ability of older, nonsubsidized rental housing occupied by low- income renters through rehabilitation assistance to rental property owners (see also Policy HIB. November 4, 2004 . , .' - -- - 2003-2008 ACTION PROGRAM . --. IMPLEMENT A TION PROGRAMS AND QUANTIFIED OBJECTIVES 2003--2008 The following section sets forth the schedule of actions the City of Redding is undertaking or intends to undertake within the current planning period in order to implement the previously listed policies and achieve the community's stated housing goals. Included within most action/program descriptions is a quantified objective, which the City anticipates being able to accomplish over the planning period; a description of anticipated funding levels and sources; and other information pertinent to the specific activity. Table 19 is a summary of the number of units expected to be constructed, rehabilitated, or conserved through implementation of the activities described in this section over the planning period. e ~ Federal CDBG Funds. The Community Development Block Grant program was created by Congress in 1974 to permit local government to devise flexible and constructive approaches to prevent and/or correct physical, economic, and social deterioration. The program is directed toward neighborhood revitalization, creation of housing opportunities, economic development, and the provision of improved community facilities and services. Activities funded through this source must meet one of the following three national objectives: (1) primarily benefit lower-income persons, (2) eliminate slums or blight, or (3) meet other urgent local community development needs. The City is considered an "entitlement" community by HUD for this program. This means that CDBG funding is received by the City on a formula basis and does not require a competitive application. Approximately $1 million annually is available from this source. ~ Federal HOME Funds. The HOME program was included as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act of 1990. The legislation TABLE 19 r..:~:.: ,,{~,; ';"? ,',' ,;..,;~t'/;I,~ .':";:":"-';J~~~~~~ """,,:,;,',::,~;','.' ,j:;~,5,:','.,~:,;,,',:~.:,:,,~'3,_~,,~.:l"!',~,.~;j".'.)." H..... '" ...' ... _'P""""'I n"/;/ .... ::S~:OF):I~jr"'~f';!lh ,.HOOS$:.A.cnVl1lES 2003-2008 Type # Units 'With Program Assistance Housing New Construction Housing Rehabilitation Housing Conservation 250 225 576 In order to achieve the stated quantified objectives, the City will utilize funding from a variety of sources. The current funding sources utilized by the City on a regular basis for its housing activities include Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds, Federal Home Investment Partnerships (HOME) program funds, Federal Section 8 funds, and local redevelopment Low- and Moderate-Income Housing Set-Aside Funds. The combined total available from these sources is approximately $8,500,000 annually. A brief description of these sources follows. November 4, 2004 Affordlable to: Very Low Low Mod Above 200 50 0 0 150 75 0 0 243 333 0 0 authorized funding to State and local governments to provide incentives to develop and support affordable rental housing and homeowners hip opportunities. Eligible activities include: real property acquisition, rehabilitation, and construction of affordable housing. Di.stribution of HOME funds is by formula, based upon a variety of measures, including local housing market factors, local housing stock conditions, cost of producing housing in the local market, and extent of poverty in the community. Between 1992 and 2002, the City chose to compete on a statewide basis for a larger portion of HOME funds than it would have received Housing Element 53 ~ , ' as an entitlement community. The City was successful on each of its applications and received approximately $1 ,000,000 annually from this source. In 2003, the City converted to Participating ] uris diction (PJ) status to obtain greater program flexibility and autonomy. Annual HOME funding as a P] is anticipated to be $623,000. The Redevelopment Set,Aside Fund has provided the required 25 percent local match since the inception of the program. · Federal Section 8 Funds. These funds make up the largest portion of funds available to the City for housing purposes. However, the funds are restricted for the administration of the Section 8 Program and direct rental assistance payments on the 1,526 Section 8 rental subsidies administered through the Redding Housing Authority. Approximately $6.03 million is available annually through this program. Administrative funds total approximately 15 percent of the funds available. To the extent that administrative costs do not total the full 15 percent, the excess funds are able to be utilized on other types of housing activities. It is not anticipated that excess administrative funding will be available over the planning period. · Redevelopment Set,Aside Funds. State law requires redevelopment agencies to provide a minimum of20 percent of their tax-increment income to increase, improve, and preserve affordable housing opportunities for low, to moderate,income persons. Approximately $1.7 million in funding for housing is generated annually as part of the Redevelopment Agency's tax,increment income. The Redding Redevelopment Agency oversees the allocation of these monies. In 2002, in order to maximize the amount of funds available, the Redding Redevelopment Agency issued $9.5 million in taxable and tax,exempt bonds secured by a ponion of its Set' Aside Fund. In 1999, the Redding Redevelopment Agency made the decision to prioritize the use of its Set,Aside Fund for activities within specific target residential neighborhoods. Since then, the Downtown, Parkview, and MLK, Jr. Neighborhoods have been the subject of extensive revitalization planning, resulting in the adoption of neighborhood revitalization plans for each. It is anticipated that over the planning period, the majority of the 54 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update /', Agency's Set-Aside Fund will be dedicated to the elimination of blight within these neighborhoods. To the extent sufficient funding is available, housing activities outside the target neighborhood will also be supported. A variety of housing activities will be undertaken, including acquisition, rehabilitation, demolition, construction, conservation, and development of housing units. '. D The anticipated activities and expenditure levels are detailed within the Agency's adopted Implementation Plans for the planning period 2000-2004 and are summarized as follows: · Homeownership Assistance-estimated $2.2 million (includes program income). · Affordable Housing Deve/opment-estimated $2 million. · Neighborhood Revitalization-es tima ted $3.4 million (includes all activities within targeted neighborhoods). · Other Activities-estimated $1.25 million. GoAL HI: PRESERVE AND IMPROVE THE EXISTING HOUSING STOCK (See also Activities 4.2, 5.1) 1.1 ACTIVITY: Moderate/Substantial Rehabilitation-Owner,Occupied Units Description: Rehabilitation loans are available to owner-occupants citywide. These loans are made directly to the homeowner at an interest rate of 3-5 percent and may be amortized or deferred depending upon the owner's circumstances. Eligible activities include basic code-related repairs; weatherization improvements; and site improvements, such as curbs, gutters, and sidewalks, as well as some general property improvements. The CDBG,funded rehabilitation activity was established in 1975, with Redevelopment Set,Aside Funding added in 1987 and HOME funds in 1992. Other Federal, State, and local funding is utilized as it is made available. Approximately 913 homes have been rehabilitated to date through this activity. Objective: To rehabilitate 15 single-family homes per year. Of these, approximately 3 (14 percent) are November 4, 2004 . . ." . anticipated to be very low-income homeowners and 17 (86 percent) are anticipated to be low-income homeowners. Funding/Administration: FY 2003-04 funding for the activity comes from CDBG ($240,000) and HOME ($121,718). The CDBG fund consists of amortized payments and lump sum payoffs on existing CDBG rehabilitation loans. Redevelopment funding is anticipated to be the primary source of funds for rehabilitation activities within the target neighborhoods. It is not anticipated that other sources of funding for homeowner rehabilitation will be available during the planning period. Local administration is through the City's Housing Division. 1.2 ACTIVITY: Moderate/Substantial Rehabilitation-Rentals Units Description: Rehabilitation of the community's existing rental stock is accomplished through several different initiatives. Owner-investors may access low-interest financing for upgrading rental units occupied by lower-income tenants. Long-term affordability covenants are recorded on the assisted properties to ensure affordability into the future. Approximately 214 units throughout the city have been rehabilitated under the current HOME-funded program. Since implementation of the program in 1993, over $4.9 million in loans have been committed, along with over $554,789 in private funding. Funding is also available to assist in the acquisition of rental units, with or without subsequent rehabilitation, in return for long-term affordability. Redevelopment Set-Aside Funds can be combined with HOME funds for this purpose. Nonprofit organizations providing permanent or transitional living opportunities may also utilize the existing funding. Objective: To rehabilitate 20 rental units per year. Of these, approximately 11 (53 percent) are anticipated to be occupied by very low-income households and 9 (47 percent) by low-income households. Funding/Administration: Local administration of the activity is through the City's Housing Division. As described above, both HOME and redevelopment funding are available. November 4. 2004 . 1.3 ACTIVITY: Minor Rehabilitation-All Units Description: In 1996, the City's two small rehabilitation grant programs were consolidated into the Emergency Repair Program (ERP). The current program provides an unsecured loan at 3 percent interest, up to a maximum of $2,500, to very low- income households on a one-time basis. Eligible repairs must be connected to basic health and safety issues. The program can be utilized for needed repairs to owner-occupied, conventional dwelling units; mobile homes; or rental units. Approximately 211 units have been repaired under these efforts, 132 of these since 1992. In 1999, the City modified the renter's accessibility-improvements component I by eliminating the landlord's match requirement in exchange for a five-year occupancy control. Of similar significance, the City also created a "handyman" minor repair program for low-income seniors in August 2000 that is widely used and popular throughout the community. Objective: To rehabilitate a minimum of 8 ERP units per year and complete a minimum of 80 senior repairs. It is anticipated that 90 percent of these will be very low-income households. Funding/Administration: Current funding for this effort is through the CDBG program (2003-$20,000). The activity is administered by the City's Housing Division. 1.4 AcTIVITY: Code Enforcement Description: The Redding Municipal Code provides for City abatement of hazardous properties/ structures through a multiphased hearing process. For residential properties, the goal is to restore units to a livable condition if at all possible. Upon initiation of the abatement process, owners are instructed to cure subject properties/structures of the hazardous conditions. Ultimate action by the City upon noncompliance of the owner is to remove the offending structure or condition from the property. The great majority of code enforcement cases are able to be resolved prior to demolition of the structure by the City. Objective: To minimize the number of dwellings demolished through. the abatement process by working closely with property owners and to provide program assistance where appropriate and available. Housing Element 55 ,~ Funding/Administration: The code enforcement activity is administered by the Code Enforcement Section of the City's Building Division and by the City Attorney. Funding for the citywide effort is through the City's General Fund. The CDBG program and Redevelopment Set-Aside Funds contribute toward an accelerated code enforcement effort in the City's target neighborhoods. 1.5 ACTIVITY: Conservation of At~Risk Units Description: During the 10-year planning period 2003-2013, 362 affordable units are at risk to convert to market-rate nonaffordable housing. During this time, the Redding Housing Authority's 1,502 Housing Choice Vouchers, along with 24 Moderate Rehabilitation project-based subsidies, will be utilized as the main resource in conserving these affordable units in the community. At this time, those sites identified in Table 1, Inventory of Low-Income Rental Units in the City ofRedJing Subject to Termination of Federal Mortgage and/or Rent Subsidies by July 2013, are planned to continue providing assisted housing at those locations. However, in the event of unforeseen changes, the RHA would work with HUD to convert those sites to Housing Choice Vouchers in order to protect the affected households by preserving their affordable rents. Objective: To conserve 362 affordable rental units. The City will develop an early warning system and monitor at-risk units through interaction with the affordable complexes' project managers and owners. This will be done in order to establish which affordable housing units may convert to market rate units. To accomplish this, property owners will be contacted on an annual basis to confirm program participation. Any property at risk will be assessed and identified for preservation assistance. The City will identify possible funding resources that could be used to preserve at-risk units. The City will respond by contacting owners regarding any Federal and/or staff notices, including Notice of Intent to Prepay, owner Plans of Action, or Opt-Out notices filed on a project within the City's jurisdiction and discuss opportunities and possible City preservation efforts. Funding/Administration: The activity will be undertaken by the City's Housing Division. See discussion in the COMMUNI1Y PROFILE, Affordable 56 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update .~ Housing Units Eligible to Convert to Open Market During 2003-2013, regarding several possible funding sources for activity. " D GoAL HZ: FACILITATE TIIE CREATION OF NEW AFFORDABLE HOUSING OPPORTUNITIES (See also Activity 4.1) 2.1 ACTIVITY: Development of New Affordable Rental Units Description: The City will continue to actively support the development of new affordable multiple- family housing units throughout the community, with a priority on new development occurring within its target neighborhoods. On most projects, the City/Agency actively partners with both for-profit and nonprofit housing developers in order to accomplish its housing goals. Partners on past and present development projects include Northern Valley Catholic Social Services; Mercy Housing, Inc.; Community Housing Improvement Program, Inc.; FaithWORKS Community Coalition, Inc.; Resources for Rural Community Development; Community Revitalization and Development Corp.; Wesley Neighborhood, Inc.; Southern California Presbyterian Homes; Christian Church Homes, Inc.; and Habitat for Humanity Shasta Cascade. Objective: To facilitate the development of 50 new units of multiple-family housing affordable to lower- and moderate-income households annually. It is anticipated that all development will be in conjunction with either a for-profit or nonprofit development partner. The City will continue its ongoing outreach to nonprofit and other providers as potential projects in the target neighborhoods are identified. Funding/Administration: The Redevelopment Agency's Low- and Moderate - Income Housing Set- aside Fund is the most common source of local financial assistance to affordable projects supplemented, as funding is available, with Federal HOME and CDBG funds. Several other State and Federal programs are also currently available, specifically designed to assist affordable rental construction projects. The City will continue to November 4, 2004 . I, (. endorse the development of new multiple-family dwellings under programs, such as HUD's 202 and 811 programs, in order to expand the availability of affordable rental housing in the community. Federal tax credits for eligible low-income rental housing projects are currently available by application to the State Mortgage Bond Allocation Committee. Strong consideration is given to projects which target special groups, such as large families, homeless, or the at-risk population. Private lenders have also developed several new types of financing that can be accessed for affordable housing projects. Many bankers have joined together in lender consortiums, specifically to fund projects that would not be able to access standard sources of funds due to affordability requirements, higher levels of risk, lower cash flow, etc. The administration of these efforts will be through the City's Redevelopment and Housing Divisions. 2.2 ACTIVI1Y: Partnerships with Local Nonprofit Housing Development Entities Description: The City actively partners with a number of nonprofit housing service providers in order to accomplish its housing goals. During the upcoming planning period, it is anticipated that these organizations will undertake a variety of activities to increase the availability of affordable housing in the community. These efforts include acquisition of existing housing units, development of new housing units, and the provision of homeowners hip opportunities. Partnerships with appropriate organizations will allow limited resources-both staff and money-to be maximized. Objective: To enter into mutually beneficial partnerships with a wide range of housing providers serving a broad spectrum of the community. This effort may include supporting grant applications, identifying available sites for housing development, and City involvement in the development of such sites. The City will continue ongoing outreach with nonprofit providers as potential projects are identified to solidify partnerships as early in the planning and development process as possible. Funding/Administration: These groups will pursue development and administrative funding from all appropriate local, State, Federal, and private November 4.2004 . sources. Each entity will administer its individual projects. 2.3 AcTIVI1Y: HUD Section 8 Rental Assistance Program Description: The HUD Section 8 Rental Assistance Program provides direct rental assistance to very low-income individuals and families. Assistance is offered to eligible applicants based on their date and time of application. City of Redding residents are offered assistance before all other residents. In addition, preference is provided for veterans and local households displaced through government actions. Objective: To maintain a lease-up rate between 95 and 100 percent of allocated subsidies. With the Board of Commissioners' consent, the RHA will apply for additional vouchers if vouchers become available under a Notice of Funding Availability. Funding/Administration: Funding is received directly from HUD for the rental subsidy paid on behalf of eligible participants. Local administration of the program is through the Redding Housing Authority. The 2003-04 budget for the RHA is $5.5 million. A total of 1,526 rental subsidies is currently administered by this office, and 345 project-based rental subsidies are administered directly by HUD. The RHA has experienced continuous growth over the past several years. 2.4 ACTIVITY: NewConstrnctionofOwnership Units Description: As part of the neighborhood revitalization effort, the City and the Agency have set a high priority on. the development of quality new single-family ownh-occupied units within the target neighborhoods. In 2001, with the adoption of the Parkview Strategic Neighborhood Revitalization Plan, homeowners hip was identified as an important stabilizing factor within residential areas. The MLK, Jr. Neighborhood Revitalization Plan echoed the same concept. In both MLK, Jr. and Parkview Neighborhoods, homeowners hip levels were documented to be some of the lowest in Redding. It is the City and Agency's belief that increasing the number of homeowners within the target areas is vital to the success of ,the redevelopment process. Housing Element 57 !~ To this end, the City and Agency will support, through several program designs, the development of new homes in these neighborhoods. It is the City and Agency's goal to assist both private and public entities to undertake development of new single- family for-sale units. An infill construction loan program for small developers is currently available in these neighborhoods, as well as an infill self-help construction program. These two activities support development of affordable ownership units on infill lots within the target neighborhoods. During the planning period, the City and Agency also anticipate participating with private developers interested in undertaking subdivision-level development within the target neighborhoods. Objective: To facilitate the development of 180 new ownership units in the target neighborhoods over the planning period by seeking out both for-profit and not-for-profit developers to assist in housing construction as opportunities, such as land consolidation by the City, present themselves. Funding/Administration: It is anticipated that the Redevelopment Set-Aside Fund will be the primary source of local public financing for the new development efforts. Private financing through several of the local lending institutions will also contribute to the construction financing with long- term conventional mortgages secured separately by the home purchasers. The administration of the activities will be through the City's Redevelopment and Housing Divisions. 2.5 Activity: Provide Incentives for the Development of Affordable Housing Units Description: Among the numerous impediments to the development of affordable housing is the time it takes to process development applications and the cost of various impact fees (i.e., sewer, water, traffic, etc.) required by the City of Redding. Reducing time delays and costs can, under certain circumstances, allow a project to be constructed that would otherwise be abandoned. Objective: To evaluate the appropriateness of establishing the following programs as a means of facilitating the development of affordable housing. This task is to be completed in fiscal year 2005-2006. 58 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ,~, ~ Giving zoning and building permit priority for new housing developments proposed for low- and very low-income individuals. <, " ~ Reducing impact and/or other City fees, either citywide or as an incentive for infill development. Funding/Administration: No additional funding will be required to evaluate the appropriateness of this activity. GoALH3: SUPPORT CREATIVE REUSE OF EXISTING FACILITIES AND LAND (See also Activities 1.5, 2.2, 4.2, 5.2) 3.1 ACTIVITY: Develop Inventory of Vacant Land and Sites Suitable for Reuse Description: Typically, as part of the City's neighborhood revitalization planning, vacant or underutilized land is identified, and within the scope of the neighborhood master plan, alternative uses may be proposed. The master plans are developed utilizing extensive community involvement to identify neighborhood deficiencies and potential opportunities for revitalization. Following plan adoption, the City will assist in the promotion of the identified investment opportunities to the development community in order to facilitate the revitalization effort. Objective: To stimulate additional private investment in targeted neighborhoods through the identification of vacant land and sites suitable for reuse. The vacant and underutilized site analyses will be undertaken for each target neighborhood (see Activity 4.2). Funding/Administration: The development of the targeted neighborhood master plans is overseen by the Housing Division, Redevelopment Agency, and/or the Planning Division. 3.2 ACTIVITY: Support Creative Reuse of Existing Facilities and Land Description: This task is targeted to providing an assessment of the condition of the housing stock in Redding for the purpose of identifying the potential need for housing rehabilitation programs or strategies, particularly for low- and moderate-income November 4, 2004 . . (. rental housing and owner-occupied housing. The proposed approach is to conduct an initial screening by conducting a GIS analysis oflOOO Census data at the block group level, analyzing such factors as concentrations of older housing that is likely to be in need of rehabilitation and housing lacking basic facilities, showing evidence of overcrowding, etc. Through a .contract with an urban development consultant, a screening will be conducted using its own in-house GIS software and data from the 2000 U.S. Census. Then the consultant will cross-check this information with any current information that may be available from local City building officials regarding hazardous housing conditions/citations. This includes information on any concentration of homes containing lead-based paint, homes with deferred maintenance, and/or areas with higher concentrations of low- and moderate-income households. Based on this information and in discussion with City staff,. the consultant will develop a targeted windshield-survey methodology to document housing conditions in areas within the City deemed likely to have disproportionate housing rehabilitation needs. To control costs, this task will employ a sampling approach, whereby the consultant will use data regarding conditions for limited residential areas deemed to be representative oflarger areas to infer overall housing conditions. It is estimated that approximately 600 housing units will be surveyed. The product of the task will be a map of areas with housing rehabilitation needs, as well as tabular data indicating the approximate number of housing units in need of rehabilitation and replacement, and the types of housing problems identified. Objective: To provide updated information regarding the condition of the community's housing stock. This activity will be completed in FY 2004-2005. Funding! Administration: Funding for this program is through the City's Community Development Block Grant Program. Local administration is by the City's Housing Division. November 4, 2004 . GoAL H4: ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF LIFE WITHIN RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS (See also Activities 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4,2.4,5.1, 5.2) 4.1 ACTIVITY: Increase Homeownership Opportunities Description: Since July 1988, with the implementation of the Downpayment Assistance Program (DAP), the City has recognized the need for homeownership assistance for eligible first-time homebuyers. The existing program offers assistance with the downpayment required when purchasing a home. Eligible participants must be first-time homebuyers buying a home in the City of Redding and be moderate-income or less. Assistance is in the form of an equity-sharing mortgage recorded as I a second lien on the newly purchased property. Since 1988, approximately 466 families have been able to purchase their first home utilizing this program. Since 1988, approximately $ 7.5 million in loans has been expended. All payoffs on existing DAP loans go into a revolving loan fund in order to be utilized in support of City housing activities. Even though mortgage interest rates are at an all- time low, DAP loan assistance is needed by most lower-income homebuyers because the cost to purchase a home has increased substantially. It is anticipated that DAP assistance will continue to be available for these households throughout the planning period. For the future, homeownership has been identified as an important tool to be utilized in the stabilization of older, declining neighborhoods. Over the planning period, the current efforts will be intensified in selected target neighborhoods in order to increase the number of owner-occupants residing in these neighborhoods. Additionally, increasing homeowners hip among special population groups- such as the disabled, who have historically been renters-will be pursu~d over the planning period. Additionally, the DAP effort has been expanded to include several variations of the original program. Housing Element 59 ~, These include the Homeownership Assistance Program (HAP), a home purchase program that targets disabled households participating through the FannieMae HomeChoice mortgage program and DAP Plus, offering first-time homebuyers additional financial incentives if they purchase within one of the City's target neighborhoods. Objective: To assist 12 low- to moderate-income, homebuyers to purchase homes per year. Funding/Administration: Current funding for DAP activities is through the Redevelopment Housing Set-Aside Fund and HOME. The program is locally administered by the City's Housing Division staff. 4.2 ACTIVITY: Target Neighborhood Master Planning Description: In support of the stated General Plan goal of preserving and improving existing residential neighborhoods, in 1999, the City and Agency began the development of neighborhood revitalization strategies, or "master plans. " To date, plans have been developed for three of Redding's older neighborhoods: the Parkview Neighborhoodj the Martin Luther K;ing, Jr., Neighborhoodj and Redding's Downtown. The development of the plans involved a high level of community participation, both in the identification of neighborhood deficiencies and in the development of potential solutions. All three of these plans are now in the implementation phase. Over the planning period, it is anticipated that additional neighborhoods may be identified as appropriate for similar designation as a target area. Objective: As warranted, to undertake the development of neighborhood plans for one to two identified neighborhoods during approximately FY 2005-06 and FY 2006-07. Funding/Administration: The development of any targeted neighborhood plans will be overseen by staff in the Housing Division and Redevelopment Agency. 4.3 ACTIVITY: Target Neighborhood Incentive Package Description: In conjunction with the adoption of the Parkview Neighborhood Strategic Revitalization 60 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update ~ Plan in 2000, the City approved a package ~f financial incentives designed to encourage private investment in the target neighborhoods. The package consists of enhancements to several existing programs as well as new programs available only within the target neighborhoods. The intent is to provide financial assistance to those property owners who desire to participate in the revitalization of their neighborhood. Programs within the package include below-market-rate rehabilitation loan assistance for both homeowners and rental property ownerSj painting grants; downpayment assistance loans for first-time homebuyers wanting to purchase homes in the neighborhoods; lease-option assistance to encourage homeowners hip; and construction loans for residential development on infilllots. Many of the programs feature forgivable loan portions; minimal interest; flexible repayment/amortization terms; minimal owner-contribution requirements; and flexible underwriting. ., D Objective: To provide an incentive for existing and future property owners within the target neighborhoods to participate in the neighborhood revitalization process as allowed by available funding. Funding/Administration: Funding for Incentive Package activities will be a combination of Redevelopment Set-Aside funds, HOME funds, and CDBG funds. All Incentive Package activities are administered jointly by the Housing Division and Redevelopment Agency. GoALH5: ACT AS A CATALYST FOR INCREASED PRIV ATE INVESTMENT IN THE COMMUNITY (See also Activities 1.6,2.1,2.4,4.2) 5.1 AcTIVITY: Acquisition and Assembly of Key Parcels Within Target Neighborhoods Description: The City and the Redevelopment Agency anticipate the acquisition of property within the targeted neighborhoods for the purpose of facilitating the redevelopment of such property in accordance with a neighborhood strategic plan. Following such acquisition, development partnerships will be solicited to carry out the redevelopment envisioned by the plan. November 4, 2004 . . .' Objective: In a timely manner, acquire, assemble, and develop key parcels in the target neighborhoods needed to implement the adopted neighborhood plans. Funding/Administration: This aCtlVlty will be administered by both the Housing Division and Redevelopment Agency. It is anticipated that primarily, redevelopment funding will be utilized for the property acquisition; relocation of tenants, if necessary; and any costs related to preparing the property for redevelopment; however, as appropriate, CDBG and HOME funding may also be utilized for these activities. GoAL H6: IDENTIFY AND ADDRESS THE HOUSING NEEDS OF SPECIAL POPULATION GROUPS WITHIN THE COMMUNITY (See also Activities 2.2, 4.1) 6.1 ACTIVITY: Fair Housing Referral and Infonnation Program Description: The program provides basic information about fair housing rights to both landlords and tenants. Referrals are made for discrimination in housing complaints to the State Department of Fair Employment and Housing. Special outreach efforts are made to include groups likely to experience discrimination in housing, including minorities, the elderly, the handicapped, and lower-income families. These efforts include: (1) co-sponsoring an annual fair housing workshop with Shasta County and Legal Services of Northern California (LSNC) that highlights various local issues; (2) placing newspaper display ads and advertisements in the Redding Community Access Television bulletin board regarding Fair Housing Month and community workshops; (3) participating in the REDDING REACH-OUT telephone information system, which describes a variety of City services, programs, referrals, and complaint procedures; (4) providing display booths at local exhibitions (Home buyers and Housing Fair in the Mt. Shasta Mall); (5) placing a Fair Housing banner in anticipation of Fair Housing Month in the Downtown area; (6) making public- service announcements in April for Fair Housing Month; (7) mailing a fair housing brochure out to November 4. 2004 . the Shasta County Board of Realtors and participating landlords in the HUD Section 8 Rental Assistance Program (over 1,100 pamphlets); and (8) maintaining a wepsite which provides a wealth of information ranging from enforcement rules and resources, various fair housing topics, and legal/general research avenues. In addition, the Fair Housing Information and Referral Program is also provided by the Redding Housing Authority regarding complaints, education, and general information for the general public and all tenants and landlords participating in the HUD Section 8 Rental Assistance Program. For the 12-month period ending June 30, 2003, the program assisted approximately 188 households with fair housing information. Objective: To educate the public regarding fair housing law, including antidiscrimination regulations. Funding/Administration: Funding for this program is through the City's Community Development Block Grant Program. Local administration is by the City's Housing Division. 6.2 ACTIVITY: Homeless Assistance Description: Since 1999, areawide homeless providers have come' together under the City of Redding and Shasta County Continuum of Care Council (CoCC), which meets on a regular basis to promote comprehensive planning and coordination efforts for delivery of homeless services. The CoCC maintains a website; conducts homeless surveys; and is responsible for I the development of a comprehensive plan for addressing homeless issues, including housing, couhtywide. The purpose of the plan is to actively manage emergency services, homeless programs, and supportive services to assist homeless families and. individuals transition to a stable and self-sufficiept lifestyle with permanent housing. Objective: To assist inthe provision of shelter and services to the area's homeless population. Funding/Administration: Several nonlocal funding sources are currently 'available to developers of projects designed to shelter homeless persons or families, including those with special needs, such as Housing Element 61 /", substance abusers and the physically or mentally handicapped, on an emergency, transitional, or permanent basis. It is anticipated that a variety of local, nonprofit service agencies will apply for monies from State or Federal sources, such as the State Emergency Shelter Program, Emergency Housing Assistance Program (EHAP) , and/or McKinney-Vento Act funded programs. Administration of individual projects will be the responsibility of the nonprofit agency initiating the . application. The City's CDBG funds will also continue to be utilized for a variety of homeless programs. In the past, applications have been funded for costs related to operating a seasonal homeless emergency shelter, mortgage assistance to purchase a transitional facility, costs related to operation of a battered women's emergency shelter, supportive services related to food provision at an emergency shelter, etc. It is expected that these types of programs Will continue to be funded on an annual basis. For CDBG funding, application is made by local nonprofit organizations to the City of Redding during the CDBG program's application period, usually in February of each year. All applications are considered on a competitive basis. 6.3 ACTIVITY: Transitional Housing for Homeless Families Description: The City and Agency have identified the need for additional affordable housing resources with supportive services targeting homeless families with children. In 2002, the City and Agency partnered with the nonprofit organization Faith WORKS Community Coalition, Inc. (Faith WORKS) to develop 12 units of transitional housing for this population. The units are currently in the design phase and are anticipated to be under construction in 2004, with occupancy in 2005. Following construction, Faith WORKS will identify homeless households appropriate for residency at the transitional facility. A full range of supportive services will be offered to the participating families in addition to housing. It is anticipated that each family will participate for approximately 24 months - and will successfully secure permanent housing and family income stabilization at the conclusion of the program. 62 City of Redding Housing Element 2003-2008 General Plan Update .~ Objective: To develop 12 units of transition'al housing for homeless families with children. It is anticipated that the construction of the transitional facility will begin by the end of 2004 and be completed by the end on005. r, .0 Funding/Administration: The funding for the construction of the transitional units is anticipated to be a combination of Redevelopment Set-Aside Funds; HUD McKinney funds; and private financing. The City has provided the site for the development of the facility at no cost to the developer. During construction, the project will be overseen by the City's Housing Division. Following construction, Faith WORKS will own and operate the facility. 6.4 ACTIVITY: Ensure Adequate Sites for Shelters of Homeless and Emergency Shelters Description: The City of Redding Zoning Ordinance allows homeless shelters to be established only in the "HC" Heavy Commercial District. While there are numerous sites that can accommodate these facilities within this district, the City should also consider amending the "PF" Public Facilities District regulations to allow shelters. This is in recognition that such facilities are almost exclUSively operated by public or quasi-publici nonprofit agencies and that the "PF" District has been established to accommodate public/quasi- public uses. Objective: Amend the Zoning Ordinance regulations for the "PF" District to allow the establishment of emergency and homeless shelters by use permit. Funding/Administration: No additional or dedicated funding is required for this activity. The Development Services Department will initiate amendment of the Zoning Ordinance during FY 2004-2005. 6.5 ACTIVITY: Provide Exceptions to Zoning Ordinance Standards to Accommodate Access Needs of Disabled Individuals Description: The Zoning Ordinance contains requirements for building and other structure November 4, 2004 . . .' setbacks for each zoning district. Such setback and similar requirements can either restrict or delay the ability of a disabled individual to construct accessibility improvements. Objective: To complete amendment of the Zoning Ordinance in FY 2004-2005 to exempt the construction of ramps and similar structures for disabled persons from zoning setback provisions where it is the only feasible design and provides a "reasonable accommodation" consistent with the Americans With Disabilities Act. Funding/Administration: Necessary amendments to the Zoning Ordinance will be identified by the Development Services Department and such amendments initiated. No special or additional funding is necessary to complete this activity. 6.6 AcTIVITY: Formalize a process for reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities. Description: The City undertakes numerous programs and activities to assist persons with disabilities; however, no formal process has been adopted. . Objective: To prepare and adopt a formal process to assist those with disabilities in Fiscal Year 2004-2005. The formal process may encourage the development, maintenance, and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities, including maximizing ministerial activities. Materials describing the process will be made available to the public. Funding/Administration: No special or additional funding is necessary to complete this activity. 6.7 ACTIVI1Y: Utility DepositlDelinquent Payment Programs. Description: Persons desiring City utilities are generally required to post a deposit prior to receiving utilities in their name. Individuals, particularly the mentally ill, who have not previously established a credit and work history may find it financially difficult to pay a deposit. Further, there is not an adopted program in place to assist those who are delinquent in utility accounts, which, in certain November 4,2004 . instances, can prevent these individuals from obtaining housing until payments are current. In some instances this may be considered as a regulatory barrier. Objective: Consider the development and implementation of program(s) that will assist low- income individuals in paying required utility deposits and delinquent accounts, so that their housing opportunities are expanded. This activity will occur in fiscal year 2005-2006. Funding/Administration: The aCtiVity will be undertaken by Customer Service Department staff. Additional funding is: not required. GoAL H7: PROMOTE ACHIEVEMENT OF ECONOMIC SELF~SUFFICIENCY FOR ALL PROGRAM P ARTIClP ANTS (See also Activity 4.1) 7.1 Program Name: Family Self~Sufficiency (FSS) Program. Program Description: This program was developed by HUD as part of the overall HOPE legislation in 1990. It builds upon the experience of two prior HUD initiatives-Project Self-Sufficiency and Operation Bootstrap. Like these two initiatives, Family Self~Sufficiency strives to assist very low- income households achieve financial independence through a combination of rental subsidies and supportive services. Objective: To assist all participants achieve the highest possible lev:el of self-sufficiency and economic independence, free from public assistance. Funding/Administration: During the period of competitive applications, the RHA had developed a program size of 94 households. With passage of the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998, the FSS Program was modified. A participating jurisdiction may reduce the size of its mandatory program by each successful graduate. Since October 1998, the RHA has reduced its FSS Program from 94 participants to 50 households. The RHA remains committed to this program and will maintain a program size of .50 households. Housing Element 63 . . ... , t . Appendix "A" .. .' . .SITE DEVELOPMENT PERMIT DIRECTOR REVIEW . PURPOSE In each of the City's zoning districts, some uses are permitted outright, meaning that only a building permit and/or zoning clearance is needed. Other uses require a "Site Development Permit" because of their potential to create ::onflicts with other uses, concerns about traffic circulation, compatibility with adopted design criteria, and similar issues. The purpose of the Site Development Permit process is to allow for special consideration of these issues. Since a zoning ordinance cannot be drafted to deal equitably with every circumstance, the Site Development Permit process is designed to provide sufficient flexibility to determine whether a use will be compatible with its surroundings, consistent with adopted standards and criteria, and consistent with the goals of Redding's General Plan. In order to expedite permit processing for certain types of projects, the Site Development Permit process was established. Site Development Permits are designed to address discretionary uses or activities that have lesser impacts and warrant less intensive review than uses requiring use permits, but still may have some potential to create land use conflicts with adjoining properties. PROCESS Step 1 ' Pre application Discussion with Staff While staff is available to informally discuss your project with you, you should consider a more formal review of your proposal with Planning Division, Engineering Division, and Fire Administration staff prior to the submission of the formal application. This will allow staff to advise you on conformity with the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance; zoning requirements; and specific traffic, siting, landscape, and building-design criteria. To obtain the most complete information, you must provide a preliminary site plan that includes basic information such as building footprint(s), parking lot and driveway design, location of existing utilities, conceptual elevations, and similar pertinent: information. The site plan must be drawn to scale. A project description is also helpful. A large or complex project may necessitate follow-up discussion. Step 2 - Filing of Application To file an application for a Site Development Permit, you must submit a completed application form, an accurately drawn reproducible site plan, filing fee, and other necessary information to the Planning Division of the Development Services Department. The department can provide you a checklist of the specific items that must be included with your application. The application must be signed by the property owner or authorized representative. City staff will review the material to make sure all the required information is provided. If your application is incomplete, you will be notified within 30 days after filing concerning the information needed to complete your application. Step 3 - Application Review Based upon the information submitted, the Director will determine if the application is consistent with the General Plan, the general and specific purposes of the zoning district in which the site is located, adopted design criteria, and the applicable sections of the Zoning Code. The Director can either approve, conditionally approve, or deny the permit application. The application may also be referred to the Board of Administrative Review for further consideration. If the property is located within or adjacent to a residential district, notice of the application will be mailed to property owners within a minimum of 300 feet from the exterior project boundaries prior to determination by the Director to approve or deny the proposed project. The decision by the Director to approve or deny the permit may be appealed to the Board of Administrative Review within 10 days of the determination. Without appeal, the permit becomes effective in 10 days. If the approved use has not commenced (or building construction not been initiated) within two years of the approval date, the Commission may initiate a public hearing to revoke the permit. If this were to occur, the property owner would be notified in advance. '. .. ESTIMATED TIME REQUIREMENTS The actual time for the processing of a Site Development Permit application will vary depending on the complexity of the proposal. Generally, permits require four to five weeks, including appeal periods, to complete. Complex projects will take additional time to process. A building permit cannot be issued until the appeal period is complete and may be subject to compliance with one or more of the conditions of approval. 3-26-04 GP\HE\HE-Appendix A-Attch.wpd .. . I . .SITE DEVELOPMENT PERMIT BOARD OF ADMINIS'TRATIVE REVIEW . PURPOSE In each of the City's zoning districts, some uses are permitted outright, meaning that only a building permit and/or zoning clearance is needed. Other uses require a "Site Development Permit" because of their potential to create conflicts with other uses, concerns about traffic circulation, compatibility with adopted design criteria, and similar issues. The purpose of the Site Development Permit process is to allow for special consideration of these issues. The Site Development Permit process allows the City and the applicant an opportunity to work together to minimize the impacts of the use on the surrounding area. Since a zoning ordinance cannot be drafted to deal equitably with every circumstance, the Site Development Permit process is designed to provide sufficient flexibility to determine whether a use will be compatible with its surroundings and with the goals of Redding's General Plan. In order to expedite permit processing for certain types of projects, the Site Development Permit process was established. Site Development Permits are designed to address discretionary uses or actjvities that have lesser impacts and warrant less intensive review than uses requiring use permits, that conform to the City's General Plan and Zoning Ordinance, but still may have some potential to create land use conflicts with adjoining properties. PROCESS Step 1 - Preapplication Discussion with Staff While staff is available to informally discuss your project with you, you should consider a more formal review of your proposal with Planning Division, Engineering Division, and Fire Administration staff prior to the submission of the formal application. This will allow stalf to advise you on conformity with the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance; possible environmental concerns; zoning requirements; and specific traffic, siting, landscape, and building-design criteria. To obtain the most complete information, you must provide a preliminary site plan that includes basic information such as building footprint(s) and conceptual elevations, parking lot and driveway design, location of existing utilities, and similar pertinent information. The site plan must be drawn to scale. A project deSCription is also helpful. A large or complex project may necessitate follow-up discussion. Step 2 - Filing of Application To file an application for a Site Development Permit, you must submit a completed, application form, an accurately drawn reproducible site plan, filing fee, and other necessary information to the Planning Division of the Development Services Department. The department can provide you a checklist of the specific items that must be included with your application. The application must be signed by the property owner or authorized representative. City staff will review the material to make sure all the required information is provided. If your application is incomplete, you will be notified within 30 days after filing concerning the information needed to complete your application. Step 3 - Environmental Review All projects are subject to the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). However, CEQA exempts certain types of projects from environmental review because they have little potential to create environmental impacts. If your project is not exempt, an initial environmental study will be prepared. If issues are identified that require further study or analysis, the project will be considered incomplete until the necessary information has been obtained. Should potentially significant environmental issues be identified, State law requires the preparation of a negative declaration or environmental impact report (EIR). Once environmental review has been completed and conditions of project approval determined, your project can be scheduled for a public hearing. r ::' 1. ,A Step 4 - Public Hearing When your application is complete and any necessary environmental review has been undertaken, your project will be scheduled for a public hearing before the Board of Administrative Review (Board). Notification of the hearing is mailed to adjacent property owners within 300 feet from the exterior project boundaries. However, notification boundaries may be expanded in some instances. During the public hearing, the Board will take testimony from staff and all other interested parties before making a decision. At the hearing, your project may be approved, approved subject to specific conditions, or denied. The permit application may be referred to the Planning Commission by the Board for consideration. Appeals The actions of the Board may be appealed to the Planning Commission. Applicants and the general public have ten days following the hearing date to file an appeal. If no appeal is received within the ten-day period, the Site Development Permit will be considered in effect. If the approved use has not commenced (or building construction initiated) within two years of the approval date, the Commission may initiate a public hearing to revoke the permit. If this were to occur, the property owner would be notified in advance. ESTIMATED TIME REQUIREMENTS The actual time for the processing of a Site Development Permit application will vary depending on the complexity of the proposal. Generally, permits that are subject to environmental review require six to eight weeks, including appeal periods. Complex projects will take additional time to process. A building permit cannot be issued until the appeal period is complete and may be subject to compliance with one or more of the conditions of approval. Projects exempt from environmental review may be completed in less than five weeks. 3-26-04 GP\HE\HE-Appendix A.Attch.wpd . . " . . USE PERMIT PURPOSE In each of the City's zoning districts, some uses are permitted outright, meaning that only a building permit and/or zoning clearance is needed. Other uses require a "Use Permit" because of their potential to create conflicts with other uses, concerns about traffic circulation, compatibility with adopted design criteria, and similar issues. The purpose of the Use Permit process is to allow for special consideration of these. The Use Permit process allows the City and the applicant an opportunity to work together to minimize the impacts of the use on the surrounding area. Since a zoning ordinance cannot be drafted to deal equitably with every circumstance, the Use Permit process is designed to provide sufficient flexibility to determine whether a use will be compatible with its surroundings and with the goals of Redding's General Plan. PROCESS Step 1 ~ Preapplication Discussion with Staff While staff is available to informally discuss your project with you, you should consider a more formal review of your proposal with Planning Division, Engineering Division, and Fire Administration staff prior to the submission of the formal application. This will allow staff to advise you on conformity with the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance; possible environmental concerns; zoning requirements; and specific traffic, siting, landscape, and building-design criteria. To obtain the most complete information, you must provide a preliminary site plan that includes basic information such as building footprint(s) and conceptual elevation(s), parking lot and driveway design, location of existing utilities, conceptual elevations, and similar pertinent information. The site plan must be drawn to scale. A project description is also helpful. A large or complex project may necessitate follow-up discussion. Step 2 - Filing of Application To file an application for a Use Permit, you must submit a completed application form, an accurately drawn reproducible site plan, filing fee, and other necessary information to the Planning Division of the Development Services Department. The department can provide you a checklist of the specific items that must be included with your application. The application must be signed by the property owner or authorized representative. City staff will review the material to make sure all the required information is provided. If your application is incomplete, you will be notified within 30 days after filing concerning the information needed to complete your application. Step 3 - Environmental Review All projects are subject to the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). However, CEQA exempts certain types of projects from environmental review because they have little potential to create environmental impacts. If your project is not exempt, an initial environmental study will be prepared. If issues are identified that require further study or analysis, the project will be considered incomplete until the necessary information has been obtained. Should potentially significant environmental issues be identified, State law requires the preparation of a negative declaration or environmental impact report (EIR). Once environmental review has been completed and conditions of project approval determined, your project can be scheduled for a public hearing. Step 4 - Public Hearing When your application is complete and any necessary environmental review has been undertaken, your project will be scheduled for a public hearing before the Planning Commission (Commission). Notification of the hearing is mailed to adjacent property owners 'Within 300 feet from the exterior project boundaries. However, notification boundaries may be expanded in some instances. During the public hearing, the Commission will take testimony from staff and all other interested parties before making a decision. At the hearing, your project may be approved, approved subject to specific conditions, or denied. ~ :1 .::' Appeals The actions of the Commission may be appealed to the City Council. Applicants and the general public have ten days following the hearing date to file an appeal. If no appeal is received within the ten-day period, the Use Permit will be considered in effect. If the approved use has not commenced (or building construction initiated) within two years of the approval date, the Commission may initiate a public hearing to revoke the permit. If this were to occur, the property owner would be notified in advance. ESTIMATED TIME REQUIREMENTS The actual time for the processing of a Use Permit application will vary depending on the complexity of the proposal. Generally, permits that are subject to environmental review require six to eight weeks, including appeal periods. Complex projects will take additional time to process. A building permit cannot be issued until the appeal period is complete and may be subject to compliance with one or more of the conditions of approval. Projects exempt from environmental review may be completed in less than five weeks. 3-26-04 GP\HE\HE-Appendix A-Attch.wpd . . .. .J 1_ ... Appendix "B" . . .,.. .,-, ... PLANNING FEES DECEMBER 31,2003 SITE DEVEWPMENT PERMITs Apartment Project First 4 units $ 648 5 to 49 units 786 + 8/unit 50 or more units 1,633 + 8/unit USE PERMITS Mobile Home Park $1,633 + 8/unit SUBDIVISIONS 5 to 25 lots $1,865 + l1/lot 26 to 50 lots $2,536 + 11/lot 51 to 100 lots $3,555 + 11/lot 101 or more lots $4,075 + 11/lot PLANNED DEVEWPMENT $3,674 + l1/lot VARIANCE $ 645 ZONING EXCEPTION $ 428 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 20% of permit fee 5-28-04 GP\HE\HE-Anch-B.wpd