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HomeMy WebLinkAbout _ 2A--Presentation of Shasta Mosquito & Vector Control District’s 2022 Annual Report CITY OF REDDING REPORT TO THE CITY COUNCIL Recommendation Presentation of the Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District’s 2022 Annual Report by Peter Bonkrude, District Manager. Attachments ^2022 Annual Report MEETING DATE: September 19, 2023 ITEM NO. 2A FROM: ***APPROVED BY*** stipton@cityofredding.org btippin@cityofredding.org SUBJECT: 2A--Presentation of Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District’s 2022 Annual Report. Sharlene Tipton, City Clerk Protecting public health since 1919 ANNUAL REPORT2022 On behalf of the Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District (SMVCD) Board of Trustees and staff, I am pleased to present the 2022 Annual Report. The SMVCD annual report is a testament to our organization’s unyielding dedication to public health and our commitment to excellence. It highlights the progress made in expanding our knowledge base through research and innovation, adopting advanced technologies, and embracing sustainable practices that ensure the preservation of our environment. This year we experienced an unprecedented drought resulting in something we’ve never witnessed in our 103 years as an agency, the Anderson Cottonwood Irrigation District canal remained dry throughout the entire season and had no irrigation allocations throughout the District area. This development provided the District with a strange season with minimal activity in areas where agricultural operations often keep our staff busy throughout the mosquito months. In addition to the unusual year, we continued to see increases in both abundance and distribution of our invasive species, Aedes aegypti, and to a lesser degree, Aedes albopictus. The District continues to be challenged, redirecting resources to the invasive species prevention program in an effort to eliminate these non-native populations. In 2023 we will reassess the invasive species program providing new direction to better manage potential risks associated with this increase in abundance. In the pages that follow, you will find a detailed account of the initiatives, strategies, and outcomes that have defined our endeavors over the past year. Our dedicated staff, equipped with their expertise and relentless commitment, have implemented robust surveillance programs to monitor vector populations, identify potential breeding sites, and implement targeted control measures. I extend my deepest appreciation to the staff of the Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District for their tireless dedication, as well as to our partners and the residents of Shasta County for their ongoing cooperation. Together, we will continue to safeguard the health and well-being of our community. Finally, we must highlight the career and contributions of John Albright, our retiring Scientific Operations Manager. John started with the District in 1997, taking on the role of Biologist and Public Information Specialist. Over time his role and responsibilities evolved to his final title of Scientific Operations Manager. John brought a philosophy of innovation, dedication and consistency that moved our surveillance and research department to new heights. Thanks to his efforts, SMVCD is well known throughout California as a top-rated mosquito district. Thank you, John, for over 25 years of service. Enjoy your next adventure! Sincerely, Peter BonkrudeDistrict Manager Philip CramerPresident FOREWORD Our Mission:“To protect the public’s health from vector-borne diseaseand nuisance, through a comprehensive mosquito and vector control program focused on innovation, experience and efficiency.” 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD Message from the District Manager DISTRICT OVERVIEW Board & Staff District History Integrated Vector Management COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION Service Requests IMMATURE MOSQUITO CONTROL Physical Control Biological Control Chemical Control Catch Basin Program Swimming Pool Program ADULT MOSQUITO CONTROL Chemical Control RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT New Information & Development VECTOR SURVEILLANCE Tick Surveillance Mosqiuto Surveillance DISEASE SURVEILLANCE Local Disease Surveillance Invasive Aedes State Disease Surveillance OUTREACH Public Education FINANCIALS Finance Report Breakdown John’s Retirement 2 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 This Annual Report was made as an interdepartmental collaboration. Special thanks to Jenna Ingebretsen, Peter Bonkrude, Darcy Buckalew, Kendra Angel- Adkinson, Garrett Hawkinson, and Mike Alexander for their many contributions. DISTRICTHEADQUARTERS Dave MaronVice PresidentShasta County Philip CramerPresidentCity of Redding Benjamin HannaShasta County Ann MorningstarSecretaryCity of Shasta Lake BOARD OF TRUSTEES DISTRICT STAFF Monty CurrierOperations Manager Kelly ClelandMike AlexanderField Supervisors Al ShabazianBrady BentonCorey BoyerDarrell BibleHaley BastienReid SheeksRobert AultVector Technicians OPERATIONS STAFF Melissa HuntCity of Anderson 4 LABORATORY STAFF John AlbrightScientific Operations Manager Kendra Angel-AdkinsonVector Biologist Garrett HawkinsonVector Biologist ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Peter Bonkrude, MSDistrict Manager Darcy BuckalewAdministrative Manager Jenna IngebretsenAdministrative Analyst II STAFF HIGHLIGHTS TOTAL YEARS OF SERVICE 191 EMPLOYEES WITH 10-19 YEARS OF SERVICE 8 EMPLOYEES WITH 20+ YEARS OF SERVICE 3 16 FULL-TIME STAFF AVERAGE YEARS OF SERVICE 12 5 INTEGRATED VECTOR MANAGEMENT Integrated Vector Management (IVM) is an evidence-based, data-driven decision-making process used to help protect the citizens of Shasta County. This strategy attempts to suppress vector-borne diseases. This approach prioritizes surveillance of mosquito populations, mosquito-borne disease testing, removal of breeding sites, public outreach and education, and research and quality control. IVM incorporates various tools to target mosquitoes at different life stages which can include physical control, biological control, and chemical control. These applications rely on a range of control interventions, separately or in combinations, with the goal of balancing cost and effectiveness. Celebration of Shasta Mosquito & Vector Control District’s 100 years protecting public health Celebration of Shasta Mosquito & Vector Control District’s 100 years protecting public health DISTRICT HISTORY Protecting public health since 1919 6 January February March April May June July August September October November December 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 Co u n t o f s e r v i c e r e q SRsbyMonth/Year YEAR 2021 2018 2019 2020 2022 The trend of count of servicereq for Servicereqdatetime Month. Color shows details about Servicereqdatetime Year. The view is filtered on Servicereqdatetime Year, which keeps 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. SERVICE REQUESTS © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap 1 101 Map based on Longitude (generated) and Latitude (generated). Color shows count of servicereq. Details are shown for Zip. The data is filtered on Servicereqdatetime, which ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 34100 PM. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap SRbyZIP 1 101 SRbyZIP Map based on Longitude (generated) and Latitude (generated). Color shows count of servicereq. Details are shown for Zip. The data is fi ltered on Servicereqdatetime, which ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 105600 AM. Service Requests by Zipcode 60.73% 32.49% 5.37%1.41% 60.73% 32.49%5.37% 1.41% SRsbytype SR Reason Adult Mosquito Issues Neglected Swimming Pool Neglected Pools and Mosquito Issues Mosquito Issues and Mosquitofish Chkdeadbird, Chkmosfish, Chknegpool and Chkservicereq. Color shows details about Chkdeadbird, Chkmosfish, Chknegpool and 1 more (Combined). Size shows % of Total Count of servicereq. Details are shown for Chkdeadbird. The data is filtered on Servicereqdatetime, which ranges from 1/1/2022 95500 AM to 12/31/2022 120000 AM. The view is filtered on Exclusions (Chkdeadbird,Chkmosfish,Chknegpool,Chkservicereq) and Chkdeadbird, Chkmosfish, Chknegpool and 1 more (Combined). The Exclusions (Chkdeadbird,Chkmosfish,Chknegpool,Chkservicereq) filter keeps 11 members. The Chkdeadbird, Chkmosfish, Chknegpool and 1 more (Combined) filter keeps 9 members. Percents are based on the whole table. Service Requests by Type As part of our public health mission, District staff value and prioritize providing responsive and professional service to our District residents. Service requests serve as the first step for some of our surveillance efforts. During these service requests, we can learn from the public and hear their issues, while sharing our knowledge and expertise. We respond to a variety of requests for service including biting mosquitoes, mosquitofish requests, neglected swimming pool reports and insect identification inquiries. These requests help focus our efforts and provide information that is essential to our IVM response. This year we received 405 requests for service. On our website, the public can issue a service request 24/7, find information about our current mosquito conditions and response, and even find out where we are performing our adult mosquito control activities. Grand Total 405 Anderson 63 Palo Cedro 30 Shingletown 28 City of Shasta Lake 28 Cottonwood 19 Lakehead 6 Bella Vista 6 Igo & Ono 5 Castella 4 Millville 3 Shasta 2 SRsbyCity 2 211 Service Requests 1 Redding 211211 Service Requests by Community January February March April May June July August September October November December 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 Co u n t o f s e r v i c e r e q SRsbyMonth/Year YEAR 2021 2018 2019 2020 2022 The trend of count of servicereq for Servicereqdatetime Month. Color shows details about Servicereqdatetime Year. The view is filtered on Servicereqdatetime Year, which keeps 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. Service Requests by Month, 2018-2022 7 IMMATURE MOSQUITO CONTROL Immature mosquito control begins with the elimination of mosquito larvae and pupae before development progresses and the mosquitoes emerge as breeding adults. This involves physical, biological, and chemical controls. Sources for these efforts typically include neglected swimming pools, untreated water catch basins, tree holes, seasonal creeks, residential, agriculture, and industrial areas. Swimming Pools Residential Natural Invasive Aedes Industrial Catch BasinsAgricultural Vernal Pools Inspection by Site Type Site Type Agricultural Catch Basins Industrial Invasive Aedes Natural Residential Swimming Pools Vernal Pools Site Type (group). Color shows details about Site Type (group). Size shows count of source_activity. The marks are labeled by Site Type (group). The data is filtered on Inspection and Material Name (group) 1. The Inspection filter ranges from 1/1/2022 32700 PM to 12/31/2022 120000 AM. The Material Name (group) 1 filter keeps Null, BioControl and Larval Control. The view is filtered on Site Type (group), which excludes Herbicide, Inspected 5 years ago, Treated 5 or more yrs ago, Treated Last Year and Zones. Inspections By Type PHYSICAL CONTROL The most effective and long-lasting approach to control mosquitoes is the reduction of mosquito habitat. Modification or elimination of these habitats reduces sources that can be exploited by mosquitoes for production. These techniques vary from clearing dense vegetation, to burning cleared debris piles, and modifying landscapes with heavy equipment. A big part of mosquito reduction involves the use of heavy equipment as well as hand dug trenches. These physical control projects re-direct standing water, leading to easier biological and chemical controls by District technicians. Mosquito larvae, pupae, and adults in a hatching container. 8 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Biological control at the District consists of the release of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). These fish are introduced into waters pre or post discovery of mosquito larvae living in a body of water. Mosquitofish are a useful tool that is proven to reduce or eliminate mosquitoes from aquatic spaces. These small-bodied, live-bearing fish have the strong ability to live in confined small spaces such as animal watering troughs. These adaptive fish benefit the District since they can live in various water conditions, reproduce frequently, and produce many young. The usual life span for mosquitofish is relatively short and does not cause substantial competition for native fishes or aquatic life when planted in appropriate habitats. The District made 586 mosquito fish applications in 2022. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap FishMap February October 2022 MONTH Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Treatment Month. Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Material Name, Treatment and Material Name (group). The Material Name filter excludes Null. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 20300 PM. T he Material Name (group) filter keeps Mosquito Fish. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap FishMap February October 2022 MONTH Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Treatment Month. Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Material Name, Treatment and Material Name (group). The Material Name filter excludes Null. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 20300 PM. T he Material Name (group) filter keeps Mosquito Fish. Fish Planted by Month 9 The District uses a variety of target-specific chemical products to reduce the number of adult mosquitoes. The term larvicide © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap AppMap-larval Immature Control Products Microbials Spinosad Surface Oils Juvenile Growth Inhibitor Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group). Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Material Name and Treatment. The Material Name filter excludes Null. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 73300 AM. The view is filtered on Material Name (group), which excludes 36 members.© 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap AppMap-larval Immature Control Products Microbials Spinosad Surface Oils Juvenile Growth Inhibitor Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group). Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Material Name and Treatment. The Material Name filter excludes Null. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 73300 AM. The view is filtered on Material Name (group), which excludes 36 members. CHEMICAL CONTROL refers to any product that specifically targets mosquitoes in their larval stage. This is the most common control used by District staff. These larval chemicals target young mosquitoes before emerging into adulthood. Control products include microbial products, natural toxins, growth inhibitors and surface oils. Having a variety of chemical products to choose allows technicians to treat any habitat from large areas to small containers. In addition, the rotation of different chemical classes makes larval control more efficaceous. Before treatment, staff calculate surface area/ volume with precisely the right type and prescribed amounts of material needed to eliminate vector promoting insects. In 2022, District staff made 2,775 applications to immature mosquitoes. Sources treated with chemical control products often need to be re-inspected regularly to ensure the product is still producing the level of control sufficient to prevent emerging adults. 10 CATCH BASIN PROGRAM Catch basins, the underground section of storm drain systems in neighborhoods, streets, and parking lots, are an important habitat for the immature stages of disease mosquitoes, Culex tarsalis and Culex pipiens. The District has added about 10,000 catch basins to its records, and spends time each season inspecting and treating these areas. In May, our focus was specific to catch basins that have only been treated once in the previous 5 years, with the more problematic basins being treated in August and September. A total of nearly 1,500 basins were inspected; of those inspected, 1,027 needed treatments. Most of the treatments this year were with a mosquito growth regulator. Some catch basins were treated with a new product containing an extended release pouch with the same active ingredient which showed very promising results, lasting from three to five months, even in basins where other larvicides typically work for only 4-8 weeks. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Catchbasin Material Name Surface Oils Growth Regulator Microbials Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group) 2. Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Treatment Month, No Treat Flag, Site Type (group) and Treatment Year. The Treatment Month filter keeps 13 of 13 members. The No Treat Flag filter keeps Treated. The Site Type (group) filter keeps Catch Basins. The Treatment Year filter keeps 2022. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Catchbasin Material Name Surface Oils Growth Regulator Microbials Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group) 2. Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Treatment Month, No Treat Flag, Site Type (group) and Treatment Year. The Treatment Month filter keeps 13 of 13 members. The No Treat Flag filter keeps Treated. The Site Type (group) filter keeps Catch Basins. The Treatment Year filter keeps 2022. Catch Basins Treated By Product 11 SWIMMING POOL PROGRAM When a swimming pool is unmaintained it becomes a perfect place for mosquitoes to breed. One pool can breed millions of mosquitoes over the course of a summer, if left untreated. Our District identifies neglected swimming pools by using public reports, aerial imaging, and technician inspections. Each year, the staff inspects 100’s of pools and treats those that have mosquito breeding potential. During the winter and early spring of 2022, staff treated 79 pools. During the summer, our District contracted an aerial service provider to detect neglected swimming pools. A total of 91 pools were treated by staff with chemical control products and mosquito fish. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Swimmingpools Material Name Growth Regulator Mosquito Fish Spinosad Surface Oils Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group). Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Site Type, Treatment and No Treat Flag. The Site Type filter keeps 6 of 37 members. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 120000 AM. The No Treat Flag filter keeps Not Treated2 and Treated. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Swimmingpools Material Name Growth Regulator Mosquito Fish Spinosad Surface Oils Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Color shows details about Material Name (group). Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Site Type, Treatment and No Treat Flag. The Site Type filter keeps 6 of 37 members. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 120000 AM. The No Treat Flag filter keeps Not Treated2 and Treated. Pools Treated By Product 12 ADULT MOSQUITO CONTROL Controlling adult mosquitoes is one of the most important tools to reduce disease transmission when active outbreaks are occurring. These applications can immediately reduce the number of biting mosquitoes in an area thereby lowering the risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission. This becomes essential when adult mosquito numbers reach high enough levels to jeopardize residents’ health and quality of life. Although adult mosquito control has its limitations, it is still an important tool in disease prevention. These limitations mean the District must apply the adult mosquito control operations with several other IVM tools including an aggressive immature control program, increased community outreach for bite prevention, and as much mosquito source reduction as is feasible. No additional precautions are required for our residents during these control operations because of the low application rates, © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap AppMap-Adult Map based on average of Lat Lng - Split 1 and average of Lat Lng - Split 2. Details are shown for Source Name. The data is filtered on Material Name and Treatment. The Material Name filter keeps 15 of 75 members. The Treatment filter ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 125900 PM. 1 1 Adult Mosquito Control Routes Staff perform whole neighborhood routes in response to adult mosquito populations and/or disease incidents. typically less than 3 ounces per acre. Additionally, the size of the droplet, the time of application (dusk/dawn), and the knowledge of critical habitats mitigate non-target impacts. Our applications are made dynamically, in response to our adult surveillance. This could mean applications are made the same night or next day, as the trap data is processed. This level of responsiveness ensures we can move fast enough to prevent human disease. This year due to the drought we only made 262 adult control routes covering over 49,000 acres, a 33% reduction. Residents can visit our website: www.shastamosquito.org to review where and when our adult mosquito control will be conducted, or to subscribe to our spray notifications via email or text message. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap SRbyZIP 1 101 SRbyZIP Map based on Longitude (generated) and Latitude (generated). Color shows count of servicereq. Details are shown for Zip. The data is fi ltered on Servicereqdatetime, which ranges from 1/1/2022 120000 AM to 12/31/2022 105600 AM. 1 24 13 The CDC bottle bioassay allows the District to determine if resistence is present in a population before the efficacy of field applications are affected, allowing management decisions to be made in a timely enough manner to preserve susceptibility to that chemical. Bottle bioassays were developed as a rapid, simple, and economical way to determine if a particular adult control active ingredient is effective on local field collected mosquitoes. During the bioassay, a bottle is coated with a known amount of insecticide called the diagnostic dose. Mosquitoes are then placed into the bottle and observed for a period of time. The potential for resistance is determined by the percentage of mosquitoes that die. The time that it takes for the wild mosquitoes to die is compared to the susceptible mosquitoes. In 2022, the District ran mosquitoes from two separate locations, analyzing three different adult control products, pyrethrum, BOTTLE BIOASSAYS permethrin and malathion. Samples of Culex pipiens mosquitoes were tested. The largest level of potential tolerance occurred in the pyrethrum product. However, when cage trials are implemented with the synergized product, we still see adequate performance. To effectively assess whether resistance is impacting efficacy of adult mosquito control, actual formulated mosquito control products must be also tested under field conditions. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 14 Cage trials are used to evaluate not only susceptibility in a wild mosquito population but also product efficacy under field conditions. Wild type mosquitoes and lab reared mosquitoes are each placed in separate mesh cages which are suspended on tripod stands. These tripods are placed on a predetermined grid, so each is a precise distance from the truck and each other. After evaluating CAGE TRIALS the weather conditions, the truck mounted ultra-low volume fogger applies an adulticide just as it does during control operations. The caged mosquitoes are exposed to the application, and then returned to the district grounds for staff to monitor and assess mortality. These trials take place over one to several evenings every year for comparison over time. In conjunction with bottle bioassays, the results provide insight into potential resistance in local mosquito populations. The Biogents Counter (BGC) is an accessory device compatible with several Biogents (BG) traps commonly used by District staff. The advantage of the BGC is that it counts the number of mosquitoes entering the trap and reports the sum in 15-minute intervals. This provides an incredibly precise record of mosquito abundance at a fine temporal scale. The common BIOGENTS COUNTER refrain of mosquito activity is that they are most active ‘at dusk and dawn’. The BGC shows activity peaks whenever they occur- with occasionally surprising results. From March through October 2022, the BGC was affixed atop a BG trap where it monitored and reported the trap counts to a website. 7 8 9 1 2 3 46 CQ1WildCQ1WildCQ1Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Perm-X 3030 100%92% 100%68%100% 100%93% 100%90% 100%100%100%100% 100%100%62% 100%90% 7 8 9 1 2 3 46 CQ1WildCQ1WildCQ1Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Fyfanon 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Merus 100%42% 100%21%100% 0% 8% 88%56% 100%73%100%100% 38%100% 6% 100%17%100% 81%67%100%100% 0% 0% 0% 5% 100% 8% 95% 90% 0% 4%85% 17% 0% 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Perm-X 3030 100%92% 100%68%100% 100%93% 100%90% 100%100%100%100% 100%100%62% 100%90% 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Fyfanon 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Merus 100%42% 100%21%100% 0% 8% 88%56% 100%73%100%100% 38%100% 6% 100%17%100% 81%67%100%100% 0% 0% 0% 5% 100% 8% 95% 90% 0% 4%85% 17% 0% 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Perm-X 3030 100%92% 100%68%100% 100%93% 100%90% 100%100%100%100% 100%100%62% 100%90% 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Fyfanon 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild CQ1 Wild 300ft 100ft TRUCK ROUTE Merus 100%42% 100%21%100% 0% 8% 88%56% 100%73%100%100% 38%100% 6% 100%17%100% 81%67%100%100% 0% 0% 0% 5% 100% 8% 95% 90% 0% 4%85% 17% 0% 15 TICK SURVEILLANCE The District monitors tick abundance and tick-borne pathogens within their populations. The western black legged tick (Ixodes pacificus) vectors Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia miyamotoi which can cause Lyme disease and relapsing fever in humans. These ticks are sampled regularly between October and March for these pathogens. Ticks are collected from the environment using a one-by-one meter cloth attached to a dowel, colloquially called a tick ‘flag’ due to this construction. The cloth is dragged over microhabitats where ticks are likely to be, such as leaf litter and vegetation along trails. The flag picks up the ticks much like a passing animal would. From there, ticks are processed in the District lab and submitted for testing. 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 October November December January February March 2020-2022 Ticks per Hour vs Seasonal Average* 2020-20212021-2022Mean *23 Sites -- Mean Count November 2009 - March 2021 1,258 1,258 TICKS TESTED 8 8POSITIVE SAMPLES 281281TICK SAMPLES TESTED 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 October November December January February March 2020-2022 Ticks per Hour vs Seasonal Average* 2020-2021 2021-2022 Mean *23 Sites -- Mean Count November 2009 - March 2021 16 Month of Collection Date 0K 1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K 8K 9K 10K 11K 12K 13K 14K 15K 16K 17K 18K Nu m C o u n t Mosquitoes by week (total collected/all trap types) Species Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Aedes sierrensis Aedes spp. Anopheles spp. Coquillettidia perturbans Culex pipiens Culex spp. Culex tarsalis Culiseta spp. January February March April May June July August September October November December Month of Collection Date 0K 1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K 8K 9K 10K 11K 12K 13K 14K 15K 16K 17K 18K Nu m C o u n t Mosquitoes by week (total collected/all trap types) Species Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Aedes sierrensis Aedes spp. Anopheles spp. Coquillettidia perturbans Culex pipiens Culex spp. Culex tarsalis Culiseta spp. January February March April May June July August September October November December MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE ADULT MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE Adult surveillance is achieved by utilizing a variety of mosquito traps at dozens of different locations throughout the district. Staff identify every mosquito captured to sex and species to gain insight into the abundance and composition of the mosquito population throughout the district. Each collection is a snapshot of the mosquito population, and together the collections show how the population changes over time. LARVAL MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCELarval or immature mosquito surveillance is always a precursor to treatment of the source to eliminate the mosquitoes before they can cause harm. Immature mosquitoes can develop in an astonishing variety of natural and artificial water sources. As such, technicians must both inspect sources which habitually hold water and hunt for new or temporary sources that contain mosquitoes. This equates to hundreds, even thousands of individual inspections performed by each technician each year. Reducing mosquito populations in their immature stages before they emerge as adults allows the District to be more efficient and effective in our control interventions. This control reduces mosquito bites and prevents human disease. Additionally, this allows the technician to choose from a greater variety of treatment options from our Integrated Vector Management toolbox. In 2022, technicians made inspections to over 19,000 potential mosquito breeding habitats; of those, almost 3,500 sources were treated for mosquito breeding. Nuisance mosquito situations can arise any time of year. Treehole mosquitoes (Aedes sierrensis) emerge between March and June, vexing residents with their abundance and persistent biting behavior. This species drives the majority of all requests for service received by the District. As the summer progresses, large populations of Culex spp mosquitoes emerge increasing the risk for West Nile virus. Invasive Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are also detected in mid-summer and continue to be found through early fall. 17 The District utilized three flocks of eight sentinel chickens each to monitor virus transmission this year. The sentinel chickens are confined to their locations and blood samples are tested twice monthly for this purpose. This arrangement yields a more precise understanding of when and where transmission occurs. Three sentinel chickens became infected during the surveillance period in 2022; all positive chickens were located in the southern area of the District boundaries. Wild birds and mosquitoes maintain West Nile virus in the environment, passing it from infected bird to mosquito to a new bird in a cycle that ensures the virus persists in the bird population. The District monitors this cycle to evaluate the risk of transmission to humans. Mosquito samples, dead birds and sentinel chickens can all be sampled for the presence of West Nile and other viruses. A positive detection in any of these can indicate elevated risk to the public and prompt enhanced surveillance and control in the area. In 2022, the District tested 15,891 mosquitoes, submitting 582 samples for mosquito-borne diseases. These were collected from six different trap types between March 8th and Oct 27th. The 582 mosquito samples suitable for virus testing were collected from 66 different sites within the District’s service area. There were 39 samples which were positive for West Nile virus sourced from 16 unique locations. The earliest detection was from a sample gathered on June 28th and the last September 26th. MOSQUITO TRAP SURVEILLANCE POSITIVE CHICKENS33 Bird species react differently to infection. Some do not experience any poor health effects, such as our sentinel chickens, while others will succumb to the virus. West Nile virus is especially lethal to Corvids such as crows and magpies. Residents can report recently dead Corvids found around their homes and neighborhoods. District staff retrieve and take a sample from the bird which is then sent to a regional lab for testing. The California Dead Bird Hotline received 28 reports of dead birds within the District’s service area. Six of these reports were suitable for West Nile virus testing and one western scrub jay collected August 28th was positive for West Nile virus. 11 POSITIVE DEAD BIRD DEAD BIRD SURVEILLANCESENTINEL CHICKEN SURVEILLANCE LOCAL DISEASE SURVEILLANCE Surveillance How is disease detected? 18 15,89115,891 MOSQUITOES TESTED 3939POSITIVE SAMPLES 582582MOSQUITOES SAMPLES TESTED © 2022 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Fm mosq heat map (2) Species Culex pipiens Culex tarsalis Number of Records 1 4 Map based on average of Longitude and average of Latitude. For marks layer Latitude: Color shows Females caught per trap night. Details are shown for Site Name and Site Code. For marks layer Latitude (2): Color shows details about Species. Size shows sum of Number of Records. Details are shown for Site Name and Collection Date Year. The data is fi ltered on Collection Date Year, Sex Condition, Trap Type, Test Status and Species. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2022. The Sex Condition fi lter keeps Null, females - gravid and females - mixed. The Trap Type fi lter keeps CO2 and GRVD. The Test Status fi lter keeps Confi rmed. The Species fi lter keeps Culex erythrothorax, Culex pipiens, Culex stigmatosoma, Culex tarsalis and Culex thriambus. The view is fi ltered on Females caught per trap night and Collection Date Year. The Females caught per trap night fi lter includes everything. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2022. Heatmap showing the number of mosquitoes trapped in red, layered with map of positive sample by species in blue and green. © 2022 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Fm mosq heat map (2) Species Culex pipiens Culex tarsalis Number of Records 1 4 Map based on average of Longitude and average of Latitude. For marks layer Latitude: Color shows Females caught per trap night. Details are shown for Site Name and Site Code. For marks layer Latitude (2): Color shows details about Species. Size shows sum of Number of Records. Details are shown for Site Name and Collection Date Year. The data is fi ltered on Collection Date Year, Sex Condition, Trap Type, Test Status and Species. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2022. The Sex Condition fi lter keeps Null, females - gravid and females - mixed. The Trap Type fi lter keeps CO2 and GRVD. The Test Status fi lter keeps Confi rmed. The Species fi lter keeps Culex erythrothorax, Culex pipiens, Culex stigmatosoma, Culex tarsalis and Culex thriambus. The view is fi ltered on Females caught per trap night and Collection Date Year. The Females caught per trap night fi lter includes everything. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2022. 19 INVASIVE MOSQUITOES Invasive Aedes mosquitoes have continued to expand their distribution across the District in 2022. As we settle into the reality that Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are a permanent part of our local ecosystem, ongoing surveillance and treatment continue. Currently, the viruses transmitted by these mosquitoes such as dengue fever, chikungunya and Zika were not reported in our District for 2022. As we continue to collect data on our local invasive Aedes mosquitoes, we’re better able to tailor and refine our surveillance and control program. Traps designed to target invasive Aedes mosquitoes are deployed throughout the district on a weekly basis. Our wide array of control options include deployment of autodissemination ovitraps, the application of larval control product through our wide area larviciding (WALS) technology, as well as Ultra Low Volume (ULV) fogging. © 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Invasive Aedes Collections Num Count 1 50 100 150 179 Year of Collection Date 2022 2021 2020 Map based on average of Longitude and average of Latitude. Color shows details about Collection Date Year. Size shows sum of Num Count. Details are shown for Site Code and Species. The view is fi ltered on Species, Collection Date Year and sum of Num Count. The Species fi lter keeps Aedes aegypti. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2020, 2021 and 2022. The sum of Num Count fi lter includes everything.© 2023 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Invasive Aedes Collections Num Count 1 50 100 150 179 Year of Collection Date 2022 2021 2020 Map based on average of Longitude and average of Latitude. Color shows details about Collection Date Year. Size shows sum of Num Count. Details are shown for Site Code and Species. The view is fi ltered on Species, Collection Date Year and sum of Num Count. The Species filter keeps Aedes aegypti. The Collection Date Year fi lter keeps 2020, 2021 and 2022. The sum of Num Count fi lter includes everything. Adult Invasive Mosquitoes Found By Year Collection Date / Month of Collection Date 2020 2021 2022 August 2020 September 2020 October 2020 November 2020 June 2021 July 2021 August 2021 September 2021 October 2021 November 2021 June 2022 July 2022 August 2022 September 2022 October 2022 November 2022 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Nu m C o u n t Trap Type BGGAT BGPRO-SENT BGSENT CDCAGO CO2 GRVD REST SWEEPNET Sum of Num Count for each Collection Date Month broken down by Collection Date Year. Color shows details about Trap Type. The data is fi ltered on Species, which keeps Aedes aegypti. The view is fi ltered on Collection Date Year, which keeps 2020, 2021 and 2022. Collection Date / Month of Collection Date 202020212022 August 2020 September 2020 October 2020 November 2020 June 2021 July 2021 August 2021 September 2021 October 2021 November 2021 June 2022 July 2022 August 2022 September 2022 October 2022 November 2022 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Nu m C o u n t Trap Type BGGAT BGPRO-SENT BGSENT CDCAGO CO2 GRVD REST SWEEPNET Sum of Num Count for each Collection Date Month broken down by Collection Date Year. Color shows details about Trap Type. The data is filtered on Species, which keeps Aedes aegypti. The view is filtered on Collection Date Year, which keeps 2020, 2021 and 2022. Adult Invasive Mosquitoes Found By Trap Type Ae.albopictu sIn 2022, detections occurred from Lake Blvd. in Redding to Ox Yoke Rd. in Anderson and were exclusively to the west of Interstate 5. Ae. aegypti Staff placing an autodissemination ovitrap in a resident’s yard 20 STATE-WIDE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE St. Louis encephalitis virus West Nile virus Other Mosquito-borne Diseases Most mosquito districts throughout California utilize a statewide database to collect, store and analyze vector population and West Nile virus data. In 2022, all disease indicators except positive dead birds and positive counties showed a noticeable increase over 2021. Notably, almost 30% more positive mosquito samples were collected. This is likely attributed to the theory that in years that are warmer and drier, we often see an increase in West Nile virus activity. Matching the increase in West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) also saw an increase in mosquito samples with a 71% increase in positive samples. These positives were relegated to Southern California and Central California. SLEV was detected in 2015 after several years without any detection of virus. Since its reemergence, it has been isolated at relatively low levels in mosquitoes. Some mosquito-borne illnesses that have been historically recorded in California, such as western equine encephalomyelitis virus (WEEV) and malaria, are reported and monitored by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH). Other emerging vector-borne viruses, such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever, which could become emerging disease issues in the future are also tracked by CDPH. Although we experience occasional travel associated cases of these diseases in California, no evidence of local transmission was detected in 2022. Total WNV+ Mosquito Samples in California 2022 West Nile Virus Activity in California Counties 2022 Year-to-date Ae.albopictus Some Larval Sources Where Invasive Mosquitoes Were Found Ae. aegypti 21 OUTREACH & PUBLIC EDUCATION As a key pillar in the District’s Integrated Vector Management approach, the District’s outreach and public education efforts have continued to develop, and this year is no exception. To improve awareness, we continue to maintain and update our device-responsive District website and social media platforms, to reach our community on a digital level. Our seasonally designated local radio and television PSAs continued to roll this year, including spots geo-targeted through OTT (Over-the-top) media streaming services to air our video PSAs via Roku, Amazon Fire TV, Samsung TV, and other streaming services. In addition to digital outreach, we also participated in several community events, providing informational booths manned by our District staff, where we distributed a wide variety of educational materials. These events also provide opportunities for our constituents to have one-on-one conversations with staff and learn about our District programs. Some community events, such as the STEM Career Fair, was both a virtual format as well as an in-person event at the Shasta Fairgrounds. District staff produced a STEM Career themed video and participated in the live event with a booth. Students got the experience of exploring the District’s Argo amphibious vehicle. A member of the public wearing one of our 3D printed headbands with glowstick antennae at the Lighting of the Bridge event while the sun sets over the Sacramento River. A puppy as a mosquito larva about to be eaten by a mosquitofish at our outreach booth at the Palo Cedro Honeybee Festival. Our Argo amphibious vehicle interactive display at the STEM Career Fair 2022. Our mascot, Missy Keeto, at a National Night Out event with members of the Redding Fire Department present. This year also marked the first annual Lighting of the Bridge event held at the Sundial Bridge in Redding, where we had an event for California Mosquito Awareness Week and lit the bridge green! Additional pictures can be found on the cover and table of contents pages. Big thanks to the Shasta Public Libraries for partnering with us on that event to share our programs and engage with residents. 22 FINANCIAL REPORT Statement of Financial Position:FY 2021-2022 (June 30, 2022) Assets Cash and cash equivalents $3,262,576 Due from other governments 5,954 Inventories 163,939 Non-depreciable capital assets 51,273 Depreciable capital assets, net 1,060,335 TOTAL ASSETS $4,544,077 Long-Term Liabilities Note payable $107,979 Net pension liability 1,489,948 OPEB 15,518 Compensated Absences 117,693 TOTAL LIABILITIES $1,731,138 2021-2022 REVENUES Property Taxes 1,639,614 50.91% Assessments 1,562,854 48.52% Interest & Miscellaneous 18,421 0.57% TOTAL REVENUE 3,220,889 100% 2021-2022 EXPENDITURES Salaries and Benefits 2,239,617 77.47% Service and Supplies 604,473 20.91% Utility Expense 46,907 1.62% TOTAL EXPENDITURES 2,890,997 100% The Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District depends on property tax revenues and benefit assessments to fund its operations. The District’s objective is to be fiscally responsible in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Governmental Accounting, Auditing and Financial Reporting (GAAFR), as well as State Controller reporting guidelines. During the year, the District successfully used a cloud-based system for many aspects of day-to-day operations. This gives us the flexibility of working remotely, without impeding business practices. As a District we are always committed to the responsible management of public funds. We continue to utilize a transparent approach in our finances as well as all aspects of District operations. We continue to have successful filings of clean annual audits. Staff is currently working on a Capital Improvements Plan which will take us into the next 5 years. In the past this was a successful experience and will continue to support planning for the future growth of the district. Property Taxes 51% Assessments 48% Other Revenues 1% Property Taxes Assessments Other Revenues REVENUES Salaries and Benefits 77% Service and Supplies 21% Utility Expense 2% Salaries and Benefits Service and Supplies Utility Expense EXPENDITURES 23 And that about covers it. 19200 Latona Road, Anderson, CA 96007 P: 530-365-3768 F: 530-365-0305 www.shastamosquito.org Thank you to John Albright who shared over 25 years of his career dedicating himself to Shasta MVCD residents. John loved to teach, learn, and innovate - a set of values our agency holds dear. Happy retirement, John! Peiter Bonkrude, MS District 'M�nager Established in 1919 Approximately 1, 100 square miles Estimated 130,000 POPUlation We are an independent special district charged w "th the m'ss'on of I I I 0101 proteci n the public's health from vector-borne disease and nuisance, tl­wough a comprel­iensive r'nosqL,.jito and vector control pfOCUsed Creation of Redding Mosquito Abatement District Vector Control District Annexation of Lakehead- Castella, French Wch, Igo, Ono, Shingletown and Viola sq mi EMMMUMMSEE29M 24/7 �-M,706 ( 0, Sevice Remests by Zipcode Immature Inspections and Control account for 85% 1 4�� y ' . h� S t u uv( � � S�° xd I ', �) s _ � } v t % �'� �, " .., , , i �. �it j4 u..,; .. xV� t� r � i J � � ,` � g � F �~�t ��$ a. y �, �� P i� r � �a s a 3 4 �$ �'• i ` £ S � k' 9 � "ht " �'.. 4� T .� _ E e q = 4 { v� v 6 � a' � ..� S } 1 4 y 7 s 2w ...... „,a �� �hA k � �, }� 4 � ,�, � tom. vs m �� �`� .... -^ r..r:, .�k..,�.�.�,, - � � �t.�� �,,...� .,� .� �. .am%..aa _.,w..a ,r-+ __..� *..., �, , ,,.� •M—" � .,A ww.,_.� ,.. , � ��,. „ , m, � ,..m. .�..� Aduft Invasive Mosquitoes FrKind ByYear ls' year since has existed that ACID s dry. 9 Drought bring AnIdersonl, CA 96007 (530) 365-3768 Contact(Oshastamosau'l' m